字神帝國英語天地

☀ 今日主題：Poverty in a rich world 富裕世界的貧困問題
☀ 派老師推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC
☀ 康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

☀ 建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

☀ MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/173.mp3

☀ 只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，
康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

☀ 中英文稿：
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English. With me today is Harry. Hello, Harry.你好，我是羅伯。歡迎收聽《六分鐘英語》。今天節目的嘉賓是哈里。你好，哈里。
Hello, Rob!你好，羅伯。
Well, in this programme we're talking about wealth. The world is getting richer, Harry. 今天節目我們要探討的是財富。這個世界是越來越富裕了
Really? How come? 真的嗎？怎麼會？
Well, according to recent data, the number of people living in extreme poverty has halved in recent decades. More people own a car and a mobile phone. 根據最新數據，極度貧困的人口在近十幾年來縮減了一半。擁有私家車和手機的人也越來越多了。
So, that's all very good news. More people can have a good standard of living – standard of living is what we call the amount of money and quality of life people have in a particular society.所以，這是好消息啊。越來越多的人享有更好的生活水平——生活水平是指我們說的在某一特定社會人們擁有的金錢數量和生活質量。
People in general may have a better life but there's still a lot of inequality in different countries.一般來說人們的生活是越來越好，但是在各國仍然存在許多不公平現象。
Inequality - in other words some people have a lot of money and opportunities and others just don't.不公平——換句話說就是一些人有許多金錢和機會，而另一些人沒有。
So, individual governments have to find a way of reducing this inequality, to allow more people to have the opportunity to improve their lives.所以各國政府要採取措施減少不公平現象，使更多的人有機會提高他們的生活質量。
Yes. In this programme we『re talking about the gap between rich and poor and you'll learn some words which will help you discuss this topic or read about it in the news. And now our quiz, Harry.正是如此。今天我們還要討論貧富差距問題，你也可以學習到一些新詞，幫助你理解這一主題或閱讀與之相關的新聞。現在是我們的小測試時間，哈 里。
Ah, the legendary quiz! I'm ready!哈哈，傳說中的測試！我準備好了！
Good. Right. A recent report by Oxfam and Credit Suisse revealed how divided we all are when it comes to wealth. A lot of the wealth in the world is in the hands of very few people. 好。牛津饑荒救濟委員會和瑞士信貸最近發佈的報告顯示了貧富的巨大差距。世界的大部分財富掌握在少數人手中。
That's what I'm going to ask you about, Harry. How much of the global wealth is owned by the richest 1%? Is it:問題來了，哈里。請問這1%的富人掌握了世界多少財富呢？
a)38%a) 38%
b)48% orb) 48%
c) 58%c) 58%
Well, it's only 1% of the population, so I would have to guess the lower one, 38%. Surely they can't own more than that!只有1% 的人口，那我猜應該是最少的一個選項吧，38%。他們肯定不能掌握太多財富。
Well, we'll see if you got the right answer at the end of the programme. Now, let's talk about rich and poor.在節目的最後我們再看你的選擇是否正確。現在，我們來談談貧富問題。
As we said, experts have concluded that more people are living better when you look at the world as a whole, but in individual countries you can find people with hardly anything to eat…正如我們之前所說，專家得出的結論是如果從整體來看，越來越多的人過上了更好的生活。但是各國仍然有很多人食不果腹。
…and others with lots of houses, cars, land and so on… So, Rob, how can this situation be reversed?而其他人則擁有很多房子、車子、土地等等???那麼，羅伯，這個情況該如何扭轉呢？
Well, David Bryer from Oxfam mentions a country which has achieved some success in trying to make the poor less poor. He is talking about Brazil. Listen to what Bryer says and tell me:牛津饑荒救濟委員會的大衛.布萊爾提到有一個國家成功緩解了窮人的貧困狀況。那就是巴西.聽聽布萊爾是怎麼說的，然後告訴我
what are the two words he uses meaning 『the least money people are paid for the work they do'?他用來表示人們付出勞動所獲得的最低收入是用的哪兩個詞？
There are examples we can look to where countries are managing to reduce the gap between the super-rich and the rest. 有很多國家成功縮小了貧富差距。
Brazil has historically very high levels of economic inequality. And they've been taking just some really sensible measures – 巴西歷史上經濟曾嚴重失調。然後他們採取了非常有效的措施——
measures around having more progressive tax, around investing in a higher minimum wage, investing in central public services, you know, these things that all governments can do that start to reverse this tide.增加累進稅、在提高最低收入和公共設施方面加大投資，這些措施各國政府都可以用來扭轉貧富懸殊的狀況。
So David Bryer talks about a 『minimum wage'. That's the least a worker receives in payment for work they've done. 大衛.布萊爾提到的是最低工資。是指員工付出勞動後獲得的最低收入。
He meant that if people are paid a higher minimum wage, they can eat better, seek a better education, and their children can have a better job in the future. They can be lifted out of poverty.他的意思是如果人們的最低工資提高，他們就能吃的更好，獲得更好的教育機會，他們的孩子就能在未來獲得更好的工作。這樣他們就能脫離貧 窮。
And the economy can grow. More people with more money buy more things and factories produce more. 經濟可以增長。人們的錢越多，就可以買更多的東西，工廠生產的也就更多。
A factory which produces more will need more workers. So, more jobs for all. 工廠要加大生產就需要更多的工人。最終會增加更多的就業。
Right. Another measure by the Brazilian government which is mentioned by the representative from Oxfam has to do with tax. 沒錯。來自牛津饑荒救濟委員會的另一個巴西代表採取的另一措施與稅收有關。
Tax is the amount of money you pay to the government depending on your salary and the cost of things you buy… But we have to admit this, Rob: taxes are not popular.稅收是指根據你的薪水和買東西的價格你要向政府繳納的金錢數量。但是我們必須要承認，稅收並不受歡迎。
That's true. Many people don't like paying tax because they don't receive an immediate benefit from it. 確實如此。許多人不喜歡交稅因為他們不能從中立即獲益。
Some very rich people try to pay as little as possible. But one billionaire who thinks it's important to pay and create conditions for governments to fight poverty is Bill Gates. 一些非常富有的人總是嘗試儘可能的少交稅。但是一位億萬富翁認為，稅收非常重要，為政府處理貧困問題創造了條件。這個人就是微軟創始人比爾.蓋茨。
The founder of Microsoft earned a lot of money, retired and, with his wife Melinda, created a foundation to help the poor. The BBC asked him what the very rich have to do to help reduce poverty. 他賺了很多錢，退休後和他的妻子建立了基金來幫助窮人。英國廣播公司問他在減少貧困方面，富人應當做些什麼。
Let's listen to his answer. What does he say rich people have to be? The word is an adjective.讓我們來聽聽他的回答。他說富人應當做什麼呢？這個詞是個形容詞。
Well, their obligation of course is to pay their taxes, but our advice to them is that they all look at taking their wealth and being philanthropic - both in their own country and to help the global poorest. 他們的責任當然是交稅，但是我們的建議是他們應當拿出一部分錢，更加樂善好施——不但是在他們自己的國家而且要幫助全世界的窮人。
That's a full-time work Melinda and I do, we find it very fulfilling, we love seeing the progress.這是梅琳達和我全力以赴正在做的事。我們發現這讓我們非常滿足，我們喜歡這一過程。
So rich people have to be 『philanthropic'! It means they have to help poor people by giving their money. 所以富人們應當樂善好施。這意味著他們要給窮人錢，來幫助窮人。
And he says he and his wife find this giving to the poor 『fulfilling', in other words, it makes them happy and satisfied. 他說他和他的妻子發現幫助窮人令他們非常滿足，換句話說，這令他們感到非常高興和滿意。
Well, that's his message to the very, very, very, very rich in the world! To the… 1%!這是他對世界上最最最最富裕的，那1%的人的建議。
The 1%...Well, you want the answer to my quiz question now, don't you?提到1%，你現在是不是想知道剛剛問題的答案呀？
Yes. You asked me how much of the global wealth is owned by the richest 1% of the world's population. 是的。你問我1%的富人掌握世界上多少財富。
And the options I gave you were: 38%, 48% or 58%.我給你的選項是：38%, 48%或58%。
And I guessed 38% based on the fact that I couldn't imagine them earning more than that.我猜38%，因為我想像不到他們能掙得比這還多。
I like your thinking, Harry, but I'm afraid the correct answer is actually (b) 48%. The wealthiest 1% will soon own more than the rest of the world's population – that's according to a study by anti-poverty charity Oxfam.我很欣賞你的思考，但是答案其實是(b) 48%。根據扶貧慈善組織牛津饑荒救濟委員會的一項研究，世界上最富裕的1%的人口所掌握的財富馬上要超過其餘人口所擁有的財富總額。
I think it's truly shocking that such a small number of people can own so much.這太令人震驚了。這麼少的人居然擁有這麼多的財富。
You're right. It's an amazing statistic. OK, well, we're almost out of time but let's remind ourselves of some of the words that we've said today, Harry.沒錯。這是個令人驚奇的數據。好了，我們的時間也快到了。我們再回憶一下今天提到的一些詞。
standard of living生活水平
inequality不平等
minimum wage最低工資
tax稅收
philanthropic樂善好施
fulfilling令人滿足的
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English. With me today is Harry. Hello, Harry.
你好，我是羅伯。歡迎收聽《六分鐘英語》。今天節目的嘉賓是哈里。你好，哈里。
Hello, Rob!
你好，羅伯。
Well, in this programme we're talking about wealth. The world is getting richer, Harry.
今天節目我們要探討的是財富。這個世界是越來越富裕了
Really? How come?
真的嗎？怎麼會？
Well, according to recent data, the number of people living in extreme poverty has halved in recent decades. More people own a car and a mobile phone.
根據最新數據，極度貧困的人口在近十幾年來縮減了一半。擁有私家車和手機的人也越來越多了。
So, that's all very good news. More people can have a good standard of living – standard of living is what we call the amount of money and quality of life people have in a particular society.
所以，這是好消息啊。越來越多的人享有更好的生活水平——生活水平是指我們說的在某一特定社會人們擁有的金錢數量和生活質量。
People in general may have a better life but there's still a lot of inequality in different countries. Inequality - in other words some people have a lot of money and opportunities and others just don't.
一般來說人們的生活是越來越好，但是在各國仍然存在許多不公平現象。不公平——換句話說就是一些人有許多金錢和機會，而另一些人沒有。
So, individual governments have to find a way of reducing this inequality, to allow more people to have the opportunity to improve their lives.
所以各國政府要採取措施減少不公平現象，使更多的人有機會提高他們的生活質量。
Yes. In this programme we『re talking about the gap between rich and poor and you'll learn some words which will help you discuss this topic or read about it in the news. And now our quiz, Harry.
正是如此。今天我們還要討論貧富差距問題，你也可以學習到一些新詞，幫助你理解這一主題或閱讀與之相關的新聞。現在是我們的小測試時間，哈里。
Ah, the legendary quiz! I'm ready!
哈哈，傳說中的測試！我準備好了！
Good. Right. A recent report by Oxfam and Credit Suisse revealed how divided we all are when it comes to wealth. A lot of the wealth in the world is in the hands of very few people. That's what I'm going to ask you about, Harry. How much of the global wealth is owned by the richest 1%? Is it:a)38%b)48% orc) 58%
好。牛津饑荒救濟委員會和瑞士信貸最近發佈的報告顯示了貧富的巨大差距。世界的大部分財富掌握在少數人手中。問題來了，哈里。請問這1%的富人掌握了世界多少財富呢？a) 38%b) 48% c) 58%
Well, it's only 1% of the population, so I would have to guess the lower one, 38%. Surely they can't own more than that!
只有1% 的人口，那我猜應該是最少的一個選項吧，38%。他們肯定不能掌握太多財富。
Well, we'll see if you got the right answer at the end of the programme. Now, let's talk about rich and poor.As we said, experts have concluded that more people are living better when you look at the world as a whole, but in individual countries you can find people with hardly anything to eat…
在節目的最後我們再看你的選擇是否正確。現在，我們來談談貧富問題。正如我們之前所說，專家得出的結論是如果從整體來看，越來越多的人過上了更好的生活。但是各國仍然有很多人食不果腹。
…and others with lots of houses, cars, land and so on… So, Rob, how can this situation be reversed?
而其他人則擁有很多房子、車子、土地等等???那麼，羅伯，這個情況該如何扭轉呢？
Well, David Bryer from Oxfam mentions a country which has achieved some success in trying to make the poor less poor. He is talking about Brazil. Listen to what Bryer says and tell me: what are the two words he uses meaning 『the least money people are paid for the work they do'?
牛津饑荒救濟委員會的大衛.布萊爾提到有一個國家成功緩解了窮人的貧困狀況。那就是巴西.聽聽布萊爾是怎麼說的，然後告訴我他用來表示人們付出勞動所獲得的最低收入是用的哪兩個詞？
There are examples we can look to where countries are managing to reduce the gap between the super-rich and the rest. Brazil has historically very high levels of economic inequality. And they've been taking just some really sensible measures – measures around having more progressive tax, around investing in a higher minimum wage, investing in central public services, you know, these things that all governments can do that start to reverse this tide.
有很多國家成功縮小了貧富差距。巴西歷史上經濟曾嚴重失調。然後他們採取了非常有效的措施——增加累進稅、在提高最低收入和公共設施方面加大投資，這些措施各國政府都可以用來扭轉貧富懸殊的狀況。
So David Bryer talks about a 『minimum wage'. That's the least a worker receives in payment for work they've done. He meant that if people are paid a higher minimum wage, they can eat better, seek a better education, and their children can have a better job in the future. They can be lifted out of poverty.
大衛.布萊爾提到的是最低工資。是指員工付出勞動後獲得的最低收入。他的意思是如果人們的最低工資提高，他們就能吃的更好，獲得更好的教育機會，他們的孩子就能在未來獲得更好的工作。這樣他們就能脫離貧窮。
And the economy can grow. More people with more money buy more things and factories produce more. A factory which produces more will need more workers. So, more jobs for all.
經濟可以增長。人們的錢越多，就可以買更多的東西，工廠生產的也就更多。工廠要加大生產就需要更多的工人。最終會增加更多的就業。
Right. Another measure by the Brazilian government which is mentioned by the representative from Oxfam has to do with tax. Tax is the amount of money you pay to the government depending on your salary and the cost of things you buy… But we have to admit this, Rob: taxes are not popular.
沒錯。來自牛津饑荒救濟委員會的另一個巴西代表採取的另一措施與稅收有關。稅收是指根據你的薪水和買東西的價格你要向政府繳納的金錢數量。但是我們必須要承認，稅收並不受歡迎。
That's true. Many people don't like paying tax because they don't receive an immediate benefit from it. Some very rich people try to pay as little as possible. But one billionaire who thinks it's important to pay and create conditions for governments to fight poverty is Bill Gates. The founder of Microsoft earned a lot of money, retired and, with his wife Melinda, created a foundation to help the poor. The BBC asked him what the very rich have to do to help reduce poverty. Let's listen to his answer. What does he say rich people have to be? The word is an adjective.
確實如此。許多人不喜歡交稅因為他們不能從中立即獲益。一些非常富有的人總是嘗試儘可能的少交稅。但是一位億萬富翁認為，稅收非常重要，為政府處理貧困問 題創造了條件。這個人就是微軟創始人比爾.蓋茨。他賺了很多錢，退休後和他的妻子建立了基金來幫助窮人。英國廣播公司問他在減少貧困方面，富人應當做些什 麼。讓我們來聽聽他的回答。他說富人應當做什麼呢？這個詞是個形容詞。
Well, their obligation of course is to pay their taxes, but our advice to them is that they all look at taking their wealth and being philanthropic - both in their own country and to help the global poorest. That's a full-time work Melinda and I do, we find it very fulfilling, we love seeing the progress.
他們的責任當然是交稅，但是我們的建議是他們應當拿出一部分錢，更加樂善好施——不但是在他們自己的國家而且要幫助全世界的窮人。這是梅琳達和我全力以赴正在做的事。我們發現這讓我們非常滿足，我們喜歡這一過程。
So rich people have to be 『philanthropic'! It means they have to help poor people by giving their money.
所以富人們應當樂善好施。這意味著他們要給窮人錢，來幫助窮人。
And he says he and his wife find this giving to the poor 『fulfilling', in other words, it makes them happy and satisfied.
他說他和他的妻子發現幫助窮人令他們非常滿足，換句話說，這令他們感到非常高興和滿意。
Well, that's his message to the very, very, very, very rich in the world! To the… 1%!
這是他對世界上最最最最富裕的，那1%的人的建議。
The 1%...Well, you want the answer to my quiz question now, don't you?
提到1%，你現在是不是想知道剛剛問題的答案呀？
Yes. You asked me how much of the global wealth is owned by the richest 1% of the world's population.
是的。你問我1%的富人掌握世界上多少財富。
And the options I gave you were: 38%, 48% or 58%.
我給你的選項是：38%, 48%或58%。
And I guessed 38% based on the fact that I couldn't imagine them earning more than that.
我猜38%，因為我想像不到他們能掙得比這還多。
I like your thinking, Harry, but I'm afraid the correct answer is actually (b) 48%. The wealthiest 1% will soon own more than the rest of the world's population – that's according to a study by anti-poverty charity Oxfam.
我很欣賞你的思考，但是答案其實是(b) 48%。根據扶貧慈善組織牛津饑荒救濟委員會的一項研究，世界上最富裕的1%的人口所掌握的財富馬上要超過其餘人口所擁有的財富總額。
I think it's truly shocking that such a small number of people can own so much.
這太令人震驚了。這麼少的人居然擁有這麼多的財富。
You're right. It's an amazing statistic. OK, well, we're almost out of time but let's remind ourselves of some of the words that we've said today, Harry.
沒錯。這是個令人驚奇的數據。好了，我們的時間也快到了。我們再回憶一下今天提到的一些詞。
standard of living
生活水平
inequality
不平等
minimum wage
最低工資
tax
稅收
philanthropic
樂善好施
fulfilling
令人滿足的