字神帝國英語天地

今日主題：Clark Kent's Glasses Aided His Anonymity / 《超人》中克拉克•肯特為什麼戴眼鏡?

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science

康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20161030sa_science.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

 中英文稿：
Ever wonder how the citizens of Metropolis somehow could not recognize Clark Kent once he ditched the glasses and became Superman? Well, now there’s an actual scientific explanation: When a person alters their appearance, even in small ways like adding a pair of glasses, it can indeed lessen the ability of others who do not know that person to recognize his or her face.
當克拉克•肯特(電影《超人》的主角)摘下眼鏡，成為超人的時候，市民就都不認識他了，這有沒有讓人感到奇怪呢?現在有切實的科學解釋：某人改變自己的面貌，即使發生小的改變，如添一副眼鏡，可以弱化對此人不熟悉的人對他的識別能力，

The study is in the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.
該研究結果發表在《應用認知心理學》雜誌上。

Psychologists Robin Kramer and Kay Ritchie from the University of York in the U.K. showed volunteers pictures of unknown people—not celebrities. The photos came from Google Images, and featured people in various poses, with different facial expressions and changing lighting.
來自約克大學的心理學家羅賓•克萊默和凱•裡奇在英國向志願者們展示了一些陌生人的照片——這些人不是名人。這些照片來自于穀歌圖片，這些人變換不同的姿勢、不同的面部表情以及改變周圍的亮度。

The participants saw two photos at the same time—either two pictures of the same person or a different person in each picture. Three possible pairs of pictures were presented: both people wore glasses; neither person wore glasses; or only one of the pair of people had glasses on.
志願者同時看到兩組照片——每組照片中這兩張照片要麼為同一人要麼為不同的人。共呈現了三組照片：兩人都帶眼鏡;兩人都不帶眼鏡;兩人中只有一人帶眼鏡。

Then the researchers asked the volunteers whether the pictures were of the same person or of two different people.
研究人員之後問這些志願者兩張圖片是否為同一人。

When the folks in both pictures were in the same condition—either both with glasses or both without—the participants were about 80 percent accurate in telling whether it was the same person or a different person in the two pics. But accuracy fell to 74 percent when glasses were worn in only one of the pictures.
當照片中的人物情形相同——都戴眼鏡或者都不戴眼鏡——志願者在分辨兩組照片是否為同一人的正確率為80%.但是，若兩張圖中，有一張戴眼鏡，則正確率則下降到74%.

The researchers noted that the appearance of the eyes may be the most important aspect of facial recognition, so a change to the eyes could be expected reduce recognition. But trained examiners, such as TSA agents, may be less fooled by such simple modifications.
研究人員指出，眼睛可能是面部識別中最重要的部位，所以，眼睛部位發生改變會減少人的辨識度。但是訓練有素的檢查員，如安全審查人員，並不會對這些微小的變化所愚弄。

The researchers concluded their paper by writing [quote]: “While we may still find it hard to believe that the inhabitants of Metropolis are unable to match Clark Kent with the numerous appearances of Superman in newspapers and on television, we can at least understand why Kent has chosen glasses as his aid to anonymity.”
研究人員在論文的結尾處寫到：雖然我們很難相信大多數人可能無法將克拉克•肯特和在電視以及報紙上經常露面的超人聯繫到一起，但是，至少可以理解為什麼肯特選擇戴眼鏡來幫助自己隱藏身份。