字神帝國英語天地

☀ 今日主題：The two sides of Churchill 丘吉爾的功與過
☀ 派老師推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC
☀ 康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

☀ 建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

☀ MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/174.mp3

☀ 只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

☀ 中英文稿：
Hello. Welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil and with me is Mike. Hello, Mike.
大家好。歡迎收聽《六分鐘英語》。我是尼爾。今天節目的嘉賓是邁克。你好，邁克。
Hello.
你好.
Now, today we're talking about someone you might have read about in history books: Winston Churchill – the British Prime Minister during the Second World War who is well-known throughout the world.
今天我們要談論的人物你可能在歷史書上讀過：溫斯頓.丘吉爾 -- 二戰期間聞名於世的英國首相。
We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets. We shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender!
「我們在海灘上作戰，我們在陸地上作戰，我們在田野間，在街道上，在山崗上作戰。我們決不投降！」
Ah, never surrender, in other words, never submit to your enemy. I remember reading about this speech that Churchill gave in June 1940, when France was being invaded by the forces of Nazi Germany.
決不投降，也就是說，絕不向敵人屈服。我記得這段演講是丘吉爾在1940年6月發表的，當時德國納粹入侵法國。
Yes, and this shows the spirit of this very famous leader still admired to this day. So much so that here in the UK we are marking the 50th anniversary of Winston Churchill's death.
是的，這位優秀領袖的精神直到今天也讓人敬仰。以至於現在英國要舉辦丘吉爾逝世五十週年紀念活動。
He was a controversial figure, wasn't he, Neil? Controversial – it means people have divided opinion about him.
他是一個頗受爭議的人物，不是嗎？有爭議的，是指有些人關於他有不同的看法。
Yes he was quite a controversial figure. You'll learn more about him in this programme as well as some new words. But first, as ever, I'd like to ask you a quiz question, Mike.
恩，他確實是一個頗受爭議的人物。在節目中你會瞭解到更多關於他的信息，也會學到一些新單詞。一如既往，首先，我要問你一個問題。
OK, I'm ready!
好的，我準備好了！
Do you know a lot about Churchill?
你對丘吉爾瞭解的多嗎？
I think I do, yes.
我覺得我瞭解的不少 。
OK. We'll see about that. Which of these facts about Winston Churchill is false? Now, is it:
那問題來了。下列關於丘吉爾的敘述，哪個是錯誤的？
a) He won the Nobel Peace Prize.
a)他曾榮獲諾貝爾和平獎
b) He tried three times before passing exams to the Military Academy.
b)他考了三次才進入陸軍軍官學校
c) He was a writer and a painter.
c)他是一位作家，也是一位畫家
I think it's (a). I think he won a Nobel Prize but I think it was Literature, not Peace.
我認為是(a)，我記得他是獲得了諾貝爾獎，但好像是文學獎，不是和平獎。
Well, we'll see at the end of the programme. Now, let's talk about Churchill.
好的，節目最後我們再公佈正確答案。現在，我們來談談丘吉爾。
You know what, Neil, many people think Churchill has a lot to teach some of today's politicians.He was very determined, in other words, he was persistent. When Churchill believed in an idea, he didn't give up easily.
你知道的，尼爾，很多人認為現在的政治家能從丘吉爾身上學到很多。他是個很堅定的人，換句話說，當丘吉爾堅信一個觀點時，他非常執著，從不輕易屈服。
Yes. The Mayor of London Boris Johnson sees another good quality in Britain's wartime leader.He says there's one thing today's politicians do that Churchill didn't. What was it? How did he deal with issues?
沒錯。倫敦市長鮑裡斯.約翰遜看到了這位英國戰時領袖的另一大品質。他提到如今的政治家普遍會做，但丘吉爾絕不會如此的一件事。是什麼呢？他是如何處理這些問題的？
It's an illusion to think that he was a guy who skated over the issues.He was deeply immersed in all the detail and all the technicality and that helped him to get the right answer.
那些認為丘吉爾會將問題一筆帶過的人顯然是錯誤的。他特別注意細節，全身心投入學術，這些可以幫助他作出正確的決策。
Ah, Churchill didn't 『skate over'the issues. 『To skate over' means to avoid dealing with something. Churchill studied the issues in detail…
丘吉爾不會將問題一筆帶過。「一筆帶過」意味著避免處理一些問題。丘吉爾很詳細地研究問題。
… and it helped him to get things right, according to Boris Johnson. One example is that Churchill actually went to Germany in the 1930s to assess the situation in the country first hand.
按鮑裡斯.約翰遜所說，這能幫助他作出正確的決策。一個例子是二十世紀三十年代，丘吉爾親赴德國考察局勢。
Well, Nazi Germany was defeated and Churchill had a role in that. But there were other things he got wrong.He misjudged many situations. Misjudged, in other words, he formed a wrong opinion about them.
德國納粹被打敗，丘吉爾功不可沒。但是他仍不免犯了許多錯誤。他錯判了許多形勢。誤判，換句話說，他對時局作出了錯誤的看法。
That's right! The historian Nigel Knight, a leading academic at Cambridge University, wrote a book about Churchill.He lists some of the mistakes made by the wartime leader throughout his political career. Now, let's listen. How does he describe Churchill's character?
是的。劍橋大學的著名歷史學家奈傑爾.奈特曾寫過一本關於丘吉爾的書。他羅列了這位戰時領袖在其整個政治生涯中的失誤。我們來聽一聽，他是怎樣描述丘吉爾的性格的。
Churchill was fundamentally flawed. So was his military strategy:Gallipoli in World War One, which was replicated in the Norwegian, North African and the soft underbelly of Europe campaigns during the World War Two. It was his economic strategy as chancellor in the 1920s, the return to the gold standards, his attitude towards India and the Indians,and indeed his post war 51-55 ministry, which was very lacklustre and very poor indeed.
丘吉爾有一個明顯的缺陷。就是他的軍事策略：一戰時的加里波利模式，在二戰期間被覆制到挪威，北非和歐洲運動的柔軟腹地。丘吉爾二十世紀二十年代任大臣時的經濟策略，回歸金本位制，其對待印度和印第安人的態度，以及戰後51-55年的內閣，都是非常死氣沉沉，狀況不佳。
Nigel Knight calls Churchill 『flawed', it means he had a weakness in his character. And Churchill didn't get it right all the time.
奈傑爾.奈爾說丘吉爾是「有缺陷的」。這是指他性格上的弱點。丘吉爾並不是每次都是正確的。
No. He occupied different posts in government and sometimes he didn't get his strategy, which means his plan of action, right. His strategy in some military campaigns ended up in disaster.
是的。他在政府的不同部門任職，有時他制定的策略並不正確，也就是說行動計畫不正確。他的某些軍事活動的策略最終釀成了災難。
And his strategy regarding the British economy may have actually contributed to a period of economic crisis known as the Great Depression.And when he became prime minister again, in the 50s, his government wasn't very good, was it Neil?
他關於英國經濟的策略最終造成了經濟危機，也就是大蕭條時期。當他50年代第二次任首相時，以他為首的政府狀況並不好，是吧？
No. Not according to the Cambridge academic Dr Nigel Knight. He called it 『lacklustre', which means dull, uninspiring.
是的。根據劍橋大學學者奈傑爾.奈特，他將其稱之為「死氣沉沉的」，也就是說遲滯的，不鼓舞人心的。
Well, we shall remember him mostly for his speeches in World War Two.
我們更多的是記得他在二戰時發表的那些演講。
Well, we're running out of time so I'll go back to our quiz question.
好了，我們的時間快到了。我們回到當初的問題。
You mentioned three facts about Winston Churchill and you said one of them was false, Neil.
你提及了三個關於溫斯頓.丘吉爾的敘述，你說其中一個是錯誤的。
Yes, and the options were:
是的，選項是：
a) He won the Nobel Peace Prize.
a)他曾榮獲諾貝爾和平獎
b) He tried three times before passing exams to the Military Academy.
b)他考了三次才進入陸軍軍官學校
c) He was a writer and a painter.
c)他是一位作家，也是一位畫家
And I said I thought he won the Nobel Literature Prize, not the Peace Prize.
我說我認為他榮獲的是諾貝爾文學獎，而不是和平獎。
And you were absolutely right! Churchill did win a Nobel Prize but it was for Literature because he wrote books about history. He was also a possible candidate for the 1945 Nobel Peace Prize but didn't win.Well, that's it for this programme but let's just remind ourselves of some of the words we've used today.
你回答得完全正確！丘吉爾確實獲得了諾貝爾獎，但是是文學獎，因為他寫了幾本關於歷史的書。他也是1945年諾貝爾和平獎的候選人，但最終沒有勝出。好了，節目就到這裡，讓我們回憶一下今天提到的單詞。
surrender
投降
controversial
有爭議的
determined
堅定的
skip over
略過，一筆帶過
misjudged
判斷失誤的
flawed
有缺陷的
strategy
策略
lacklustre
死氣沉沉的