☀ 今日主題：Do you fear Artificial Intelligence? 你害怕人工智能嗎？
☀ 派老師推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC
☀ 康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!
☀ 建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。
☀ MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/171.mp3
☀ 只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：
☀ 中英文稿：
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English. With me in the studio today is Neil.
大家好我是Rob，歡迎來到BBC六分鐘英文，今天我的搭檔是Neil。
Hello, Rob.
你好啊，Rob。
Hello. Feeling bright today, Neil?
你好啊，今天感覺頭腦伶俐麼？
I am feeling quite bright and clever, yes!
是啊，我覺得今天頭腦挺好很伶俐。
That's good to hear. Well, you'll need all your wits about you – meaning you'll need to think very quickly in this programme because we're talking about intelligence,or to be more accurate, Artificial Intelligence. And we'll learn some vocabulary related to the topic so that you can have your own discussion about it. Now, Neil, you know who Professor Stephen Hawking is, right?
那不錯，不過你可能需要多留個心眼，意思今天的節目裡你需要多動動腦子了，因為我們今天要聊聊智慧方面的事情，或者更準確的說，今天的主題是人工智能。我們也將學習討論這一話題時的相關的詞彙與表達。現在，Neil，你知道霍金教授的對吧？
Well, of course! Yes. Many people say that he's a genius – in other words, he is very, very intelligent. Professor Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in the world and people remember him for his brilliance and also because he communicates using a synthetic voice generated by a computer – synthetic means it's made from something non-natural. Artificial is similar in meaning –we use it when something is man-made to look or behave like something natural.
當然，很多人說他是天才，或者說他聰明絕頂。霍金教授是世界上的著名科學家之一，人們之所以記住他是因為他太聰明了，他通過計算機合成的語音與外界交流， synthetic指的是非自然的，Artificial和它意思相近-我們用這個詞來表達人造的東西看起來像是自然的。
Well, Professor Hawking has said recently that efforts to create thinking machines are a threat to our existence. A threat means something which can put us in danger. Now, can you imagine that, Neil?!
然而，霍金教授最近表示創作可思考的機器會對人類產生威脅。threat指的是會將我們置於危險之地的事物。你懂麼，Neil？
Well, there's no denying that good things can come from the creation of Artificial Intelligence. Computers which can think for themselves might be able to find solutions to problems we haven't been able to solve. But technology is developing quickly and maybe we should consider the consequences. Some of these very clever robots are already surpassing us, Rob. To surpass means to have abilities superior to our own.
好吧，不得不承認人工智能創造出不少美好的事物。能夠自己思考的計算機能夠解決我們一直無法解決的問題。但是科技發展迅猛，我們也必須考慮後果。Rob，一些聰明的機器人已經超過我們了，surpass 意思是能力超過我們自己。
Yes. Maybe you can remember the headlines when a supercomputer defeated the World Chess Champion Gary Kasparov, to everybody's astonishment. It was in 1997. What was the computer called, Neil? Was it:a) Red Menaceb) Deep Bluec) Silver Surfer
是的，你也許記住了那個頭條新聞，一台超級計算機擊敗了世界象棋冠軍Gary Kasparov。那是1997年。Neil，你還記得那台計算機叫什麼嗎？它叫：a）紅色威脅b）深藍c）銀色衝浪者
I don't know. I think (c) is probably not right. I think Deep Blue. That's (b) Deep Blue.
我不知道，我覺得c）可能不對，我猜是深藍，我選b)。
Okay. You'll know if you got it right at the end of the programme. Well, our theme is Artificial Intelligence and when we talk about this we have to mention the movies.
好的，節目最後會揭曉答案。恩，今天我們的主題是人工智能，提到人工智能我們不得不提到電影。
Many science fiction movies have explored the idea of bad computers who want to harm us. One example is 2001: A Space Odyssey.
許多科幻電影都刻畫了不良的人工智能形象，它們想危害人類。比如說2001年的一部電影，《太空漫遊》。
Yes, a good film. And another is The Terminator, a movie in which actor Arnold Schwarzenegger played an android from the future. An android is a robot that looks like a human. Have you watched that one, Neil?
確實那是個好電影。另外一部是《終結者》，主演阿諾德‧施瓦辛格演了一位來自未來的機器人。android指的是長得像人的機器人。你看過這個電影麼，Neil？
Yes, I have. And the android is not very friendly.
我看過，但是這個機器人並不友好。
No, it's not. In many movies and books about robots that think, the robots end up rebelling against their creators. But some experts say the risk posed by Artificial Intelligence is not that computers attack us because they hate us. Their problem is related to their efficiency.
是的，很多電影和書籍裡能夠思考的機器人最終都會與人類對抗。但是一些專家說，人工智能的風險並非計算機因為恨人類而攻擊人來，風險來自於他們的工作效率。
What do you mean?
你什麼意思呢？
Well, let's listen to what philosopher Nick Bostrom has to say. He is the founder of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University.He uses three words when describing what's inside the mind of a thinking computer.This phrase means 『to meet their objectives'. What's the phrase he uses?
來聽聽哲學家Nick Bostrom怎麼說。他是牛津大學未來人類研究所的創始人。他用了三個詞來描述智能計算機的思考狀況。還有一句短語意思是完成目標，是哪個短語呢？
【Nick Bostrom, philosopher, Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University】The bulk of the risk is not in machines being evil or hating humans but rather that they are indifferent to humans and that in pursuit of their own goals we humans would suffer as a side effect.Suppose you had a super intelligent AI whose only goal was to make as many paperclips as possible. Human bodies consist of atoms and those atoms could be used to make a lot of really nice paperclips. If you want paperclips it turns out that in the pursuit of this you would have instrumental reasons to do things that would be horrible to humanity.
【Nick Bostrom，哲學家，牛津大學未來人類研究所】智能機器人的風險並非他們憎恨人類或者傷害人類，而是他們對於人來冷漠，為了達成目標的行為可能對人類 有副作用。假如你有一個超級智能機器人，他的唯一目標是儘可能多做一些回形針。因為人類的身體是由原子構成，這些原子能夠製造大量好的的回形針。如果你想 要回形針，很可能計算機因此做下一些對人類有害的恐怖舉動。
A world in which humans become paperclips - wow, that's scary! But the phrase which means 『meet their objectives' is to 『pursue their goals'.
哦，人類成為回形針的世界！確實好嚇人，表達完成目標的短語是pursue their goals。
Yes, it is. So the academic explains that if you're a computer responsible for producing paperclips, you will pursue your objective at any cost…
是的，用學術的話語來解釋，如果你的計算機負責生產回形針，你可能會成為它的原材料目標。
… and even use atoms from human bodies to turn them into paperclips! Now that's a horror story, Rob. If Stephen Hawking is worried, I think I might be too. How can we be sure that Artificial Intelligence – be it either a device or software – will have a moral compass?
是的，可能會使用人類身體中的原子來製造回形針，想想都可怕啊，Rob。如果霍金也擔心這個問題，那我覺得應該是這樣的。我們怎樣確定人工智能，無論是智能設備還是智能軟件，能有道德指南針把關麼？
Ah, a good expression - a moral compass - in other words, an understanding of what is right and what is wrong.
很好的一個表述，a moral compass道德指南針，或者說是是非對錯的評判標準。
Artificial Intelligence is an interesting topic, Rob. I hope we can chat about it again in the future.But now I'm looking at the clock and we are running out of time, I'm afraid, and I'd like to know if I got the answer to the quiz question right?
人工智能這個話題確實很有趣，Rob，真希望下次還有機會聊聊這個。現在恐怕時間差不多了，該揭曉本期題目的答案了。
Well, my question was about a supercomputer which defeated the World Chess Champion Gary Kasparov in 1997.What was the machine's name? Was it: Red Menace, Deep Blue or Silver Surfer?
是的，我的問題是1997年打敗世界冠軍的計算機叫什麼名字？選項有：紅色威脅，深藍，還是銀色衝浪者？
And I think it's Deep Blue.
我猜答案是深藍。
Well, it sounds like you are more intelligent than a computer because you got the answer right. Yes, it was Deep Blue. The 1997 match was actually the second one between Kasparov and Deep Blue, a supercomputer designed by the company IBM and it was specialised in chess-playing.
確實啊，你好像比機器人還是聰明一些，你猜對了答案就是深藍。1997年的這個比賽其實是深藍與Kasparov第二次交手，深藍是IBM公司設計的一台專門下棋的超級計算機。
Well, I think I might challenge Deep Blue to a game obviously. I'm a bit of a genius myself.
我也想和深藍下盤棋試試，我覺得自己也有些天分。
Very good! Good to hear! Anyway, we've just got time to remember some of the words and expressions that we've used today, Neil.
好吧，今天我們也學習了一些詞彙和表達，一起回顧一下吧。
They were:
他們是
you'll need your wits about you
你需要集中智慧
artificial
人工
genius
天才
synthetic
合成
threat
威脅
to surpass
超過
to pursue their goals
達成目標
moral compass
道德指南針
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