字神帝國英語天地

 GMAT解釋題型及例題分析

 解釋題又稱explain題目。通常需要對題目的某一個部分做出合理解釋。

標誌性詞語：explain、reason、account for

解題思路：尋找可以合理解釋文中現象的選項，通常為解釋矛盾現象原因，或計畫不成功的原因，類似於削弱題。

解題技巧：

1、找出A, however B,將however看作therefore,解釋時思考整體            

2、解釋的物件是兩者比較：正確選項必須體現此相對量            

3、解釋的物件再說上升下降，正確選項必須體現變化

例題：OG13-P500-3

Suncorp, a new corporation with limited funds, has been clearing large sections of the tropical Amazon forest for cattle ranching. This practice continues even though greater profits can be made from rubber tapping, which does not destroy the forest, than from cattle ranching, which does destroy the forest.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why Suncorp has been pursuing the less profitable of the two economic activities mentioned above?

(A) The soil of the Amazon forest is very rich in nutrients that are important in the development of grazing lands.

(B) Cattle-ranching operations that are located in tropical climates are more profitable than cattle-ranching operations that are located in cold-weather climates.

(C) In certain districts, profits made from cattle ranching are more heavily taxed than profits made from any other industry.

(D) Some of the cattle that are raised on land cleared in the Amazon are killed by wildcats.

(E) The amount of money required to begin a rubber-tapping operation is twice as high as the amount needed to begin a cattle ranch.

解析：題幹：S公司，在有限資金的支援下，開始將其所屬的亞馬遜熱帶雨林地區清理為畜牧場。而在該地區進行橡膠生產，既比畜牧業利潤更高，也不會破壞當地的森林植被。

題目：解釋為何S公司選擇低利潤的畜牧業而非高利潤且環保的橡膠生產業

A選項，引入無關物件討論無關屬性；

B選項，無關屬性比較；

C選項，邏輯方向錯誤；

D選項，引入無關物件討論無關屬性且邏輯方向錯誤；

E選項正確

 例題：OG13-P5010-6

Parland's alligator population has been declining in recent years, primarily because of hunting. Alligators prey heavily on a species of freshwater fish that is highly valued as food by Parlanders, who had hoped that the decline in the alligator population would lead to an increase in the numbers of these fish available for human consumption. Yet the population of this fish species has also declined, even though the annual number caught for human consumption has not increased.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the decline in the population of the fish species?

 (A) The decline in the alligator population has meant that fishers can work in some parts of lakes and rivers that were formerly too dangerous.

(B) Over the last few years, Parland's commercial fishing enterprises have increased the number of fishing boats they use.

(C) The main predator of these fish is another species of fish on which alligators also prey.

(D) Many Parlanders who hunt alligators do so because of the high market price of alligator skins, not because of the threat alligators pose to the fish population.

(E) In several neighboring countries through which Parland's rivers also flow, alligators are at risk of extinction as a result of extensive hunting.

 解析：題目：P地鱷魚數量最近幾年一直在下降，主要由於對鱷魚的獵殺。而鱷魚喜歡捕食的淡水魚是P地居民所喜愛的食物，那麼P地居民就希望鱷魚數量的減少能帶來淡水魚數量上升這個結果。但是淡水魚數量也減少了，還是在當地居民沒有增加淡水魚消費量的情況下。

題幹：解釋魚群數量下降這個現象。

A選項說鱷魚數量下降，會使得漁民可以在之前危險的地方進行作業，題目中已經排除人為因素對魚群數量的影響，不能忽視或者否定原文給定的資訊。

B選項說P地的漁業企業，增加了捕魚船的數量，跟A選項問題一樣。

C選項說鱷魚不僅僅吃淡水魚，同時也吃另一種喜歡捕食淡水魚的物種，那麼鱷魚數量減少，這裡所說的另一種喜歡捕食淡水魚的物種數量會上升，能夠導致淡水魚數量下降這個結果。正確！

D選項討論為什麼要捕殺鱷魚，與題目論點無關。

E選項說鄰國鱷魚瀕臨滅絕，None of our business…