字神帝國英語天地

今日主題：Arctic Marine Mammals Swim Up to the Microphone
海底麥克風傾聽北極海洋動物的聲音

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20151123sa_science.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

中英文稿：
"My colleagues and I always joke that one of the Jacques Cousteau movies starts out with something like 'the ocean is a silent place.'" [Le Monde Du Silence clip: "Le monde du silence…"] And, you know, it's anything but silent." [bowhead whale and bearded seal sounds]
“我和我的同事一直拿雅克•庫斯托一部電影的開頭來開玩笑——海洋是安靜的。但你們懂的，那是個包羅萬有而獨缺寧靜的地方。”

Kate Stafford is a biologist and oceanographer at the University of Washington. And she and her colleagues have been cataloguing that soundscape of the deep—like these bowhead whales and bearded seals. They’re using an array of underwater microphones near the Bering Strait, a natural choke point for underwater traffic headed from the Pacific to the Arctic and back.
凱特•斯坦福德是華盛頓大學的生物學家、海洋學家。她和同事們一直在將弓頭鯨、髯海豹等深海生物的聲音編入目錄。白令海峽是往返太平洋和北極地區的水下交通要塞，因此凱特和同事們在白令海峽安裝了大量的水下麥克風。

And in some ways, she says, listening is a better way to census the Arctic than seeing. "You can record sounds underwater at night, in high wind, during ice cover. So we're able to eavesdrop all year round. And you can hear animals much further underwater than you could, say, see them from the surface of the water."
對北極進行普查，在某些方面，聽是一種比看更好的方式。你可以在晚上、狂風天、甚至寒冰覆蓋時記錄水下的聲音。這樣我們就可以全年竊聽動物的聲音。同時，與在水面上觀察、描述動物相比，海底記錄可以讓我們進一步傾聽動物的聲音。

But in the last five years of underwater recordings, Stafford says, no two years have been the same in terms of which species they hear, and when they hear them. And as arctic ice retreats, species like humpbacks and killer whales are staying north longer—as late as early November—which she says would not have been possible just a few decades ago.
斯坦福德稱，但是在最近幾年的海底錄音中，在傾聽動物的叫聲時，他們兩年中沒有聽到相同物種的聲音。由於北極冰的消退，座頭鯨和虎鯨等物種在北極停留的時間增長——直到11月初——斯坦福德稱，這種景象在幾十年前，不可能出現。

They even found humpbacks singing mating songs up in Arctic waters [humpback singing]—which they used to think happened only down in tropical breeding grounds. The team presented these findings November 2 at a meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, in Jacksonville, Florida.
他們甚至發現了座頭鯨在北極水域演唱求偶歌曲，而這種景象他們認為只發生在熱帶繁殖地。在佛羅里達州傑克遜維爾召開的美國聲學學會的會議上，研究人員展示了該研究結果。

"If polar bears and walrus might be the ecological losers as it were in terms of sea ice loss, a lot of the larger whales seem to be taking advantage of this system. It's a really good time to be a bowhead, as a colleague of mine says." But uncertainty is the name of the game with Arctic change. We’ll see if it continues to be a good time to be a bowhead as more and more sub-Arctic whales move north to compete in Arctic waters.
“在海洋浮冰消退的生態變化現狀下，北極熊與海象似乎吃盡了苦頭，而大量的大型鯨類則似乎占了便宜。我的一個同事說，這時候做一隻座頭鯨可真好啊。”然 而，北冰洋變化帶來的不確定性才是最關鍵的因素。隨著亞北極圈的鯨類加入到北極圈水域內，更多競爭將會出現，到那時，座頭鯨的好日子是否會持續下去呢？