托福聽力中,一般有lecture和對話兩種類型的題目形式,當然其中的具體題型還有細節題、詞彙題等。本次就對話類題型做一個詳解。
考試當天你將會碰到如下的答題提示:
Directions:In Part A, you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
1.基本策略
你所聽到的directions叫你先聽問題再讀選項然後決定選那個選項。對有些人來說這沒有問題,但大部分人發現先讀選項對做題很有用。這一技巧我們稱之為逆向搜索法。下面是逆向搜索法的具體步驟:
①打開磁帶聽Direction,在這一時間裡,考試中心不讓你看選項。
②當Direction叫你turn the page時,快速看題目的四個選項。你可能只有1至2秒的時間,但儘量看那些在4個選項中重複出現的詞,諸如名字、地點等等。這將在你聽到這些詞的時候對你有所幫助。你甚至可能通過這些反復出現的名詞和動詞猜出對話的主題。
③當對話開始的時候,立即停止看題,集中精神聽題。
④當問題問完以後,再讀一邊四個選項,選出你的答案。如果你無法馬上做出答案,儘量排除一些選項,然後從剩下的選項中選一個。
⑤快速仔細的塗答題紙。馬上回到第2步,看下一題的四個選項。
逆向搜索法的好處:
①你能得到關於對話內容的線索。
②你能運用你的閱讀能力和歸納能力來加強你的聽力能力。
③當你猜到一道題目的主題的時候,你會少一些緊張和焦慮,這將説明你關注你所需要聽到的資訊。
2.考點
在這一部分,你將首先聽到兩個人的對話,然後是一個問題,問題通常是關於第2個說話人的comment的。下面是這一部分常考的考點。有時一道題中有不止 一個的考點。詞彙純粹的單字量測試,但通常不是難字。比如題幹中聽到形容詞terrific,那麼包含terrific的同義字excellent或者 very good的選項就是正確答案。也就是說,不僅要認識關鍵字也要知道它常用的同義字。不過,這種題大多比較容易。因為這些詞彙都很常見。
例1:
W: Why are you leaving so early? The movie doesn't start till seven.
M: I don't want to be at the traffic there. It's a nightmare on the expressway during rush hour.
Q: What does the man mean?
(A) He wants to go early to avoid a traffic jam.
(B) He wants to leave the theater before the movie is over.
(C) He doesn't know the way to the theater.
(D) He doesn't usually get up at 7:00.
答案是A.這裡整個對話都在講時間問題,關鍵字是traffic(交通)。其實,即使你不認識或者不十分確定它的意思,你也可以透過don't want to和avoid之間的同義轉換選出正確的答案。
例2:
W:If George misses one more meeting we are going to have to find one new committee secretary.
M:We'd better give him an ultimatum.
Q: What does the man suggest they do?
(A) Remove George from the committee immediately.
(B) Warn George that his attendance problem is serious.
(C) Offer to help George during the meeting.
(D) Telephone George to see if he's coming to the meeting.
答案是B.
如果你認識並聽懂ultimatum是“最後通牒”的意思的話,你輕而易舉就能選出它的同義轉換warn sb about sth(警告)。而第一句同樣說明了George是個不太稱職的secretary,但卻用are going to將來時說明並非要remove George form the committee immediately.
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