字神帝國英語天地

今日主題：Cool Coating Chills in Sunlight / 降溫層

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20170219sa_science.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，
康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

中英文稿：
You've probably seen pictures of Greek villages, where every house is painted bright white. The paint reflects the intense sunlight of the Mediterranean. And it works pretty well to keep the houses from heating up in the sun. But it doesn't actively cool them.
你或許見過希臘村落的照片，那裡的房子都被粉刷成亮白色。這種顏色可以反射來自地中海強烈的陽光，能避免房子在陽光下升高。但是，卻不能降低房子的溫度。

To understand why, consider what the white paint does. Here's how optical scientist Xiaobo Yin of the University of Colorado describes it: "It's a mirror for the sunlight, it's also a mirror for the radiation as well."
為了瞭解其中的原因，考慮白色油漆的作用。對此柯洛多大學的光學科學家尹曉波講到“其既能反射陽光，同時也能反射太陽輻射。”

And it might seem like reflecting all those incoming rays would be a good thing. But the benefit is limited. Because what it really means, Yin says, is that the houses, well, "they don't release much energy." Release more energy, again in the form of infrared radiation, aka heat—and you effectively get free A/C.
似乎能反射所有的射線，是一件好事。但是這種效益是有限的。因為，尹小波表示，這意味著，“這些房子也不能散發太多熱量。”以紅外線的形式釋放能量(或者熱量)——這樣你就能免費的享受“空調”待遇。

So Yin and his colleagues built a material that does exactly that: reflects visible light, but also emits infrared wavelengths. Which gives it the power to actually cool. It's two layers: a top layer of polymer, packed with glass beads just eight microns across—so they can absorb and then emit infrared radiation. And a silver coating on the bottom.
所以尹和他的同事們構建了這樣一種材料：可以反射可見光，同時也可以釋放紅外戲。這樣就可以降低房子的溫度。這種材料有兩層：聚合物頂層，其間的玻璃微珠間距僅有8微米——這樣就可以吸收和發射紅外線輻射。底層是鍍銀層。

The coating reflects 96 percent of solar radiation—a slight improvement on white and silver paint. But the game-changing part: it also has a cooling power of about 100 watts per square meter. Translation: enough to cool a frying-pan-sized amount of water to about 15 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than ambient temps. Even while sitting in the sun. The finding is in the journal Science.
塗層能反射96%的太陽輻射——這種塗層對白色和銀色漆料進行了略微的改善。但是其顛覆性的成分在於，每平方米有100瓦的冷卻能力。也就是可以將煎鍋量的水降至比周圍環境溫度低15華氏度。即使是坐在太陽底下。該研究結果發表在《科學》雜誌上。

That cool water example has wide applications. "This water can be used to cool a house, cool a data center, or even cool a thermoelectric power plant." That's Yin's colleague at the University of Colorado, Ronggui Yang. And he says it's a cheap way to cool things down. Just don't put the material directly on your roof. "It also cools down during the wintertime. And you do not want that to happen." No. Definitely… not cool.
冷卻的水有廣泛的應用。“這些冷水可以用來降低房子的溫度、降低資料中心的溫度，甚至用來降低熱電發電站的溫度。”尹在科倫多大學的同事楊榮歸說到。他還說道，這種降溫的方式價格低廉。只是不能將這種材料直接放到房頂上。“在冬季，它也可以降溫。你當然不希望在冬天發生。絕對不……因為已經夠冷了!”。