字神帝國英語天地

今日主題：London Fish Chip Away At Historical Unknowns
倫敦的魚揭秘未知歷史

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/2014/20140606sa.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

中英文稿：
Isotope composition within fish tails found in London archaeological digs shows that the city began importing cod from northern Scandinavia some 800 years ago. Cynthia Graber reports.
在倫敦的考古發掘現場發現的魚尾的同位素組成，表明倫敦在800年前就已經開始從斯堪的納維亞半島進口鱈魚。由Cynthia Graber報導。

Londoners love their fish. And according to a new study, in the early 13th Century they suddenly started importing it from as far away as the Arctic near Norway. The research is in the journal Antiquity. [David C. Orton et al, Fish for the city: meta-analysis of archaeological cod remains and the growth of London's northern trade]
倫敦人很喜歡他們的魚，根據《古物》雜誌上新的研究發現，早在13世紀以前，倫敦人就突然開始從靠近挪威的遙遠北極地區進口這種鱈魚。

About the year 1000, sea fishing increased significantly in northern Europe. To see how that increase influenced urban growth, researchers looked at 95 excavation sites in London. Which included about 3000 bones from cod fish.
約公元1000年，北歐的深海捕魚量劇增，為了弄清楚這種增長是如何影響失去發展的，研究人員考察了倫敦的95個考古發掘點，其中包括大約3000條鱈魚的魚骨。

Cod are decapitated before being dried for transport. So finding heads meant the fish were local. And the researchers found that as fish heads appear to decrease in the early 1200s, fish tails dramatically increased—a sign of importation.
鱈魚運輸前要被晾乾，並切除頭部。所以能發現魚頭的魚說明是本地魚。而且研究人員還發現在1200年代早期，隨著魚頭的不斷減少，魚尾數量卻急劇上升，這也是進口魚的一種標誌。

Examination of the chemical isotopes in the tails matched those for fish in waters far to the north, probably off Norway close to the Arctic, more evidence of import.
檢查出來的魚尾的化學同位素和那些遙遠北部水中的那些魚正好匹配，基本上也就是挪威附近接近於北極圈的地方。

The scientists do not know if the rapid switch from local to imported cod happened because local fish weren't as plentiful as the population increased, or if the market became flooded with dried imports from the north. But these fish tails tell a story of London becoming a growing economic center, and part of a globalizing fish trade.
—Cynthia Graber
科學家也不知道這種從當地魚到進口魚的快速轉變，是否因為當地魚無法滿足當地人口的增長，或者是因為這種從北部進口來的魚占據了當地的市場。但是這些魚尾告訴我們，倫敦正在逐漸變成一個經濟中心，並且成為魚類貿易全球化的一部分。
由Cynthia Graber報導。