今日主題：Slang / 俚語
凱妃老師&派老師共同推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC
康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!
建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。
#BBC 六分鐘英語
MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/1057.mp3
只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：
中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Alice…
大家好，歡迎收聽六分鐘英語，我是愛麗絲。
And I’m Neil.
我是尼爾。
Could you lend me some dosh, Neil?
尼爾，你能借我一些錢嗎？
Sure. How much do you need?
當然可以，你要多少？
A couple of smackers.
幾塊錢就行了。
You’re sounding strange today, Alice.
你今天說話真奇怪。
Yes, I know, Neil. Slang – or informal language used by a particular group – is the subject of today’s show, and I was just demonstrating a couple of slang words that mean money. Dosh is a general term for money and a smacker is a British pound or US dollar.
我知道，尼爾。俚語，某一特殊群體使用的非正式語言，是今天節目的主題。我剛剛就是展示了俚語中是怎麼表示錢的。Dosh是錢的統稱，smacker是指英鎊或美元。
OK, so Cockney Rhyming Slang is a type of slang.It’s a coded language invented in the 19th Century by Cockneys so they could speak in front of the police without being understood. And still on the subject of money, I have a question for you, Alice.
老倫敦的押韻俚語也是俚語的一種。這是倫敦人19世紀發明的一種代碼語言。這樣他們能在員警面前說話而不被聽懂說了什麼。繼續錢這個主題，我有一個問題要問你。
OK.
好的。
What’s Cockney Rhyming Slang for money? Is it…a) bread? b) honey? Or c) dough?
老倫敦的押韻俚語中用什麼表示錢？a) 麵包？b)蜂蜜？還是c)生麵團？
I think it’s a) bread. I bet you didn’t know, Neil, that I’m a Cockney.
我選a) 麵包。我打賭你不知道我是倫敦人。
I don’t Adam and Eve it, Alice! That’s a pork pie!
我不信！你說謊！
Adam and Eve means believe and pork pie means… lie! Actually, you’re right. I’m not a Cockney.
Adam and Eve是指相信，pork pie是指謊言。事實上你說得對。我不是倫敦人。
To be considered a Cockney, you need to be born within hearing distance of the bells of St Mary-le-Bow church in what is now the City of London.
要想被認為是倫敦人，你得出生在能聽到波教堂鐘聲的地方，也就是倫敦市。
Indeed. Now, slang, as we’ve said, is colloquial – or informal – language. And it’s characteristic of specific social groups. We usually use it in informal conversation rather than in writing or more formal situations, like a job interview.
沒錯，我們所說的俚語是一種白話，也就是非正式的語言。是特殊社會群體的特徵。我們通常在非正式對話中使用俚語，在寫作或更加正式的場合，如面試時都不用俚語。
We change the way we speak so that what we say is appropriate for a particular situation. So you surprised me, earlier, Alice, by talking about dosh and smackers because it didn’t seem appropriate for presenting the show.
我們改變我們說話的方式，以便在特殊場合言語得體。你之前提到dosh和smackers真的嚇到我了。因為節目中不適合說這些俚語。
Slang use is often frowned upon – or disapproved of. Let’s listen to Jonathan Green, a lexicographer of slang, talking about who uses slang and how this has changed. Here he is on the Radio 4 programme Word of Mouth.
俚語總是被反對使用。我們聽聽詞典編纂者Jonathan Green談論誰會使用俚語，俚語發生了怎樣的改變。他在4套節目《口口相傳》做客。
Slang does have a bad reputation and I would say this comes from its earliest collection, which was of criminal slang in the 1500s in the 16th century, and it was associated with bad people, and inevitably that has lingered. But now in the last 40 or 50 years it’s changed. The definitions tend to stress different and jocular, funny, humorous, inventive, that kind of thing.
俚語的名聲確實不好，最早的字典中，俚語是15世紀16世紀罪犯使用的，總是跟壞人聯繫在一起，不可避免地俚語的壞名聲一直都在。但最近四五十年裡，俚語發生了變化。俚語的定義著重於不同的，打趣的，有意思的，幽默的，獨出心裁的這類語言。
So we have records of 16th Century slang in collections – or dictionaries.Words used by criminals as a code so they could talk without being understood. And this bad reputation has lingered – or been slow to disappear.
所以我們已經在字典裡收錄了16世紀的俚語。那時俚語通常是罪犯使用的，使得他們不會被聽懂。所以俚語不好的名聲也就一直存在著。
But for the last 50 years we’ve been using slang to be funny and creative as well as to show belonging to a particular group. And apparently we’re very creative when talking about drinking and being drunk. The slang word booze – meaning alcohol – comes from the 13th Century Dutch word, busen.
但近50年，我們使用俚語，將其作為幽默有創造力的表現，同時屬於特殊群體。很顯然我們在談到喝酒，喝醉時很有創造力。俚語中 booze是指酒精，來自13世紀的荷蘭語busen。
And there are hundreds of slang expressions to talk about drink and being drunk:on the sauce, in your cups, half cut, hammered, squiffy, tipsy, wasted, legless, and many many more that are far too rude to mention in this programme.
有成百上千個關於喝酒喝醉的俚語表達。如大量喝酒, 喝醉, 酩酊大醉,大醉的,微醉的, 喝醉的, 喝光, 醉醺醺的。還有很多很粗魯的表達，無法在節目中提及。
Yes. So, while these terms might not be strictly acceptable – or appropriate in formal contexts they aren’t offensive, they are often amusing and help people bond in social groups.
沒錯，這些詞可能不被接受，在正式場合下不適用，帶有冒犯性，他們通常用於娛樂大眾，幫助人們融入社會群體。
By contrast, swear words or profanity – means rude language that offends or upsets people. And I’m not going to give any examples because that would be inappropriate and impolite, Alice.
相反，髒話，褻瀆的語言通常會冒犯別人。我就不舉例子了，因為不太適合，太不禮貌了。
OK, let’s listen now to Jonathan Green and presenter Michael Rosen talking about jargon – another type of in-group language.
好的，我們聽聽 Jonathan Green以及主持人Michael Rosen談論術語，這是另一種群體語言。
Jargon is what I would call is small o occupational, small p professional. It’s closed off environments. You get legal jargon, you get naval jargon, I‘ve been reading Patrick O Brien recently and that‘s awash with futtock plates and fiddying the decks.
術語是指職業的，專業的語言。是在相對封閉環境中使用的語言。有法律術語，有海軍術語。我最近在讀Patrick O Brien的書，裡面充斥著內龍骨翼板，甲板。
This is radio 4 Jonathan, be careful!
上述是做客第四套節目的 Jonathan的講話，注意了。
Jonathan Green in another segment of the BBC Radio 4 programme Word of Mouth. So he says jargon is occupational and professional, meaning people speak it at work, for example, lawyers and sailors. A futtock plate is, I believe, an iron plate attached to the top of a ship’s mast. But I don’t know much about this subject.
Jonathan Green在BBC第四套節目《口口相傳》的另一期的講話。他說術語是職業化的，專業的，是指人們在工作中使用的語言，如律師和水手。我覺得內龍骨翼板是指船桅杆上端的鐵板。我對這東西不太瞭解。
That’s the idea, though – jargon is the technical language belonging to a specific group. And to outsiders this jargon is often hard to understand.
術語就是這樣，術語是指屬於專業群體的技術性語言。對外行人來說，術語很難理解。
Yes and here in the studio I can use all the radio jargon that I like. Look at my faders here, Alice. Going down and up and up and I’m just testing our levels…
沒錯，在這錄影棚，我可以使用所有我喜歡的錄影術語。看我的音量控制器。下，上，上，我剛剛在測試我們的音量。
Come on, live the fader alone. It controls the level of sound on a studio deck. Now it’s time for the answer to today’s quiz question, Neil.
行了，放開那個音量控制器吧。它控制了錄影棚中聲音的大小。是時候揭曉今天問題的答案了。
I asked you: What’s Cockney Rhyming Slang for money? Is it… a) bread, b) honey or c) dough?
我問你：老倫敦押韻俚語中什麼表示錢？ a) 麵包， b) 蜂蜜還是c) 麵團？
And I said a) bread.
我選a) 麵包。
And you were right, Alice! Cockney Rhyming Slang uses just the first word of a phrase that rhymes with a word we’re trying to disguise. So money becomes bread and honey but we just say ’bread’.
你答對了！老倫敦押韻俚語就是用短語的首字母，和我們想要掩飾的那個詞諧音。所以money變成了bread and honey，但我們只說bread。
OK, so let’s recap on the words we’ve learned today. They are:
讓我們再回憶一遍今天學到的單詞。分別是：
slang 俚語
dosh 錢
smacker 錢
Cockney Rhyming Slang 老倫敦押韻俚語
colloquial 白話
frowned upon 不支持
lingered 持續的
booze 酒
swear 髒話
profanity 髒話
jargon 術語
Well, that’s the end of today’s 6 Minute English. Please join us again soon!
今天的六分鐘英語就到這裡。不要忘了下期再會！
Bye!
再見！
留言列表
TOEFL (9)
