今日主題：What's in a fairy tale? 童話裡的世界
凱妃老師&派老師共同推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC 康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!
建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。
MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/1030.mp3
只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：
中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Sophie…
大家好，歡迎收聽六分鐘英語。我是蘇菲。
And I’m Neil. So, Sophie I watched Snow White and the Huntsman on TV last night.
我是尼爾。蘇菲，我昨晚在電視上看《白雪公主與獵人》了。
Oh, you mean the modern retelling of the story Snow White? Did you enjoy it, Neil?
你說的是那部由白雪公主改編的現代電影嗎？你喜歡看嗎？
It was OK. But the seven dwarves were no fun.I prefer the original Disney cartoon version.
還不錯。但七個小矮人不好玩。我更喜歡迪士尼原創卡通版本。
Don’t be silly, Neil. Walt Disney didn’t invent the story. The movie you watched is a remake, a film that has been made again, but the fairy tale is very old.
別傻了，尼爾。沃特迪士尼不是這個故事的原創。你看的那個是翻拍電影，也就是重新拍攝的電影，但是這個童話故事很古老了。
Well, that may be true, but I still prefer the Disney version with funny dwarves. In the new version, even the names of the dwarves are different and, you know, serious looking.
好吧，也許你說得對，但我還是更喜歡迪士尼版本，裡面的小矮人都很有趣。新版本中，小矮人的名字都不一樣了，而且看上去很嚴肅。
But this new version is for young adults – it’s a different genre – or style – of film. Names like Sneezy, Dopey, Happy and Grumpy are too childish.
但是這個新版本是為年輕人拍攝的，電影類型不同，風格不同。像噴嚏精、糊塗蛋、開心果、暴躁鬼這種名詞都太幼稚了。
Hmm. What’s wrong with childish?
幼稚怎麼了？
It’s right up your street, isn’t it Neil?
更合你的口味，是嗎？
Too right.
沒錯！
Anyway, fairy tales are the subject of today’s show, and I have a question for you:which movie star played the role of the evil fairy in Maleficent, a 2014 film based on the fairy tale Sleeping Beauty?Was it…a) Cate Blanchett?b) Angelina Jolie?Or c) Meryl Streep?
總之，今天節目的主題是童話故事，我有一個問題要問你：在2014年上映，改編自童話故事睡美人的電影《沉睡魔咒》中，哪位電影明星飾演了邪惡仙女？a) 凱特布蘭切特? b)安吉麗娜朱莉? 還是 c) 梅麗爾斯特裡普?
Well, I’ll go for a) Cate Blanchett. She often plays evil characters. I can’t forget her in the 2008 movie Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.
我選a) 凱特布蘭切特。她經常飾演反面角色。我一直忘不了她在2008年的電影《印地安納鐘斯：水晶骷髏王國》中塑造的角色。
Well, we’ll find out if you chose the right move star later on in the programme. But to return to the idea of childish fairy stories, let’s listen to Diane Purkiss, a children’s author, talking about how originally fairy tales were intended for an adult audience.
好吧，之後我們再看你回答得是否正確。回到幼稚的童話故事上來，我們聽聽兒童作家Diane Purkiss講述原本童話故事的目標人群是成年觀眾。
Interestingly there has been a bit of a move towards seeing fairy tales as an adult, or at any rate a young adult – a dark sort of genre. And that’s natural because actually in the past fairy tales were told by adults to adults in William Shakespeare’s time. It’s only in the Victorian era that they become moral children’s tales and it looks like we’re going back to the inception of fairy stories now with a more adult take on them.
有趣的是，現在出現一種趨勢，很多電影改編自童話，以成年人作為目標群體，或至少是針對年輕人，呈現一種黑暗題材。這很正常，因為在莎士比亞時期，童話故 事是由成年人講述給成年人的。直到維多利亞時期，它們變成兒童故事，現在看起來我們回歸了童話的最初，使之更加成人化。
Diane Purkiss. So these Hollywood remakes aimed at the teen market are actually returning fairy tales to an adult audience.
上述是Diane Purkiss的講述。所以好萊塢翻拍電影瞄準成年人市場實際上是將童話故事回歸成年人。
That’s right, Neil. And dark here means scary or frightening. The Victorians toned down this dark content – or made it less forceful. They also introduced a moral – or message about what’s right and wrong – to the tales.
沒錯。這裡的黑暗是指恐怖或驚悚。維多利亞時期人們緩和了其中的驚悚部分，減少了衝擊力。同時還將是非黑白的道德因素引入故事。
And inception means the beginning. So fairy tales began as a dark genre.
最初是指最開始。所以童話故事最初是黑暗風格。
Can you give us some examples of dark stories written by the brothers Grimm, Neil?
你還能舉出格林童話中的黑暗故事嗎？
Well… I have a list here. Let’s see. In The Frog Prince the princess doesn’t kiss the frog, she throws it…she throws it against the wall! Hmm, yes.
我這兒有個列表。我們來看看。在《青蛙王子》中，公主沒有親吻青蛙，而是把青蛙扔了，扔到了牆上。恩，就是這樣。
Hmm. I prefer the kiss version.
恩，我更喜歡親吻那個版本。
And in Little Red Riding Hood don’t believe that version where the wolf shuts granny in a cupboard. In the real version he gobbles her up and then eats Red Riding Hood for dessert.
還有不要相信大灰狼把奶奶關進壁櫥那個版本的《小紅帽》。真正的版本裡講大灰狼狼吞虎嚥吃掉了奶奶，之後也把小紅帽當點心吃了。
Charming. And to gobble something up means to eat it very fast. OK, that’s enough. Let’s move on.Did you know that some of the stories – like Beauty and the Beast, Red Riding Hood, Cinderella, and Snow White go back much further than the earliest written stories – even the ones in Latin and Greek?
真厲害。狼吞虎嚥是指吃得非常快。好了，這就足夠了。我們繼續說。真厲害。狼吞虎嚥是指吃得非常快。好了，這就足夠了。我們繼續說。如《美女與野獸》、《小紅帽》、《灰姑娘》和《白雪公主》的起源早於其有記載的歷史，甚至早於用拉丁文和希臘文記錄的版本。
No, I didn’t. To be honest, Sophie, I thought Walt Disney had written them.
這個我不知道。老實說，我之前以為是沃特迪士尼創作了這些童話。
Oh Neil… well research suggests that some fairy tales date back to well before the brothers Grimm and even Shakespeare. Let’s hear more from Dr Jamie Tehrani, anthropologist at Durham University in the UK.
天啊，尼爾。研究顯示一些童話故事可以追溯到格林兄弟甚至莎士比亞之前。我們聽聽英國杜倫大學人類學者Jamie Tehrani教授的採訪。
So these fairy tales that we’ve looked at– we’ve been able to trace back, really, thousands of years– probably sort of 4-6,000 years is the origin of many famous European folk tales, stories such as Beauty and the Beast.
我們看到的一些童話故事，我們其實可以追溯到幾千年前，像許多很有名的歐洲民間故事，例如《美女和野獸》,可以追溯到四至六千年前。
What, 6,000 years?!
什麼？六千年前？
Yep, going right back to the Bronze Age.
沒錯，可以直接追溯至銅器時代。
Good heavens!
我的天啊！
We’ve been able to trace the transmission across generations of these stories much further back than is generally recognized.
我們追溯這些代代相傳的故事起源，發現遠遠早於之前人們的認識。
But Sophie – if there’s no written evidence of the stories from 6,000 years agohow does Dr Tehrani, who we’ve just heard from, know people were telling them?
但是蘇菲，如果六千年前還沒有文字記載的證據，那剛才講話的Jamie Tehrani博士是如何得知人們在當時講述了這些故事呢？
Well, dating languages isn’t something I’m familiar with– I think it’s a bit like looking at a few dinosaur bones and trying to reconstruct what dinosaurs looked like. But here you’re trying to reconstruct stories without any actual bits. It must have been hard work for the researchers.
追溯語言起源這可不是我的強項，我覺得有可能像看著恐龍的骨頭還原恐龍的樣子吧。但是我們如今想要再現的是沒有任何實際依據的故事。這對研究者來說是一項艱難的研究吧。
Indeed. Well, I think it’s time to hear the quiz question again, Sophie.
沒錯。我覺得是時候公佈問題的答案了吧。
OK, I asked: Which movie star played the role of the evil fairy in Maleficent, a film based on the fairy tale Sleeping Beauty? Was it… a) Cate Blanchett? b) Angelina Jolie? Or c) Meryl Streep?
好的，我之前問：在改編自童話故事睡美人的電影《沉睡魔咒》中，哪位電影明星飾演了邪惡仙女？a) 凱特布蘭切特? b)安吉麗娜朱莉?還是 c) 梅麗爾斯特裡普?
I said Cate Blanchett.
我選的是a) 凱特布蘭切特。
And you were wrong. Angelina Jolie played the main character in the film Maleficent. Cate Blanchett played the elf queen Galadriel in Lord of the Rings. And Meryl Streep played a blue-haired witch in the 2014 film Into the Woods.
你答錯了。安吉麗娜朱莉是《沉睡魔咒》的主演。凱特布蘭切特在《魔戒》中飾演精靈女王Galadriel。梅里爾斯特裡普在2014年的電影《魔法黑森林》中飾演藍頭髮的女巫。
Now, can we hear those words again?
我們現在再聽一遍今天的單詞吧？
OK!
好的！
remake 翻拍
genre 類型
dark 黑暗的
toned down 緩和
moral 道德的
inception 起初
gobble up 狼吞虎嚥
Well, that’s the end of today’s spellbinding 6 Minute English.Don’t forget to join us again soon!
今天的六分鐘英語就到這裡。別忘了下期節目再見！
Bye.
再見！
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