字神帝國英語天地

 今日主題：Learning in the womb 在子宮中學習

 凱妃老師&派老師共同推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC
 康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

 建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/83.mp3

 只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

 中英文稿：
Hello, I’m Rob and this is 6 Minute English and that was a very unusual sound. Do you know what that sound was? Finn is with me today and I think he can help. Hello Finn.
大家好，我是Rob，歡迎收聽本期BBC六分鐘英語。剛剛我們聽到了一種異樣的聲音。你知道那是什麼聲音嗎？這是我今天的搭檔Finn，我想他能幫忙回答。你好，Finn。
Hello Rob. That was the sound of a baby sucking a dummy – that’s the rubber thing you put in a baby’s mouth to stop it crying.
你好，Rob。剛剛那個是嬰兒吮吸乳頭的聲音，即放在嘴裡阻止他哭泣的橡膠製品。
Very useful! But it sounded strange.
非常有用！但聲音聽起來有點奇怪。
It did. That’s because the dummy was connected to a computer.
確實是，因為橡膠乳頭和電腦連在一起。
Connecting a dummy to a computer is a strange thing to do?!
把乳頭和電腦連在一起？這不奇怪嗎？
Yes. It is part of a test to understand how unborn babies – called foetuses – learn language.That is what we are talking about today: What babies learn before they are born.
是很奇怪。不過這是理解未出生嬰兒（即胎兒）怎樣學習語言的測試。今天我們要討論的話題正是如此：嬰兒出生前都學什麼。
I know we start learning from when we are very young – but I didn’t know it was from that early on!Shall we find out how much you have learnt in your life Finn by asking you a question? This is about the English language. According to a survey by the National Literacy Trust, which one of these words was discovered to be the most common first word for a baby to say – not including Mummy or Daddy? a) dog b) eat c) bus
我知道，很小起我們便開始了學習，但真不知道有那麼早。Finn，讓我問你個問題，看你長這麼大學了多少東西？這道題和英語語言有關。根據全國讀寫基金會研究顯示，下面哪個單詞是嬰兒常說的首個單詞，當然不包括Mummy和Daddy。A. dog B. eat C. bus
I think the answer is a) dog.
我覺得是A. dog。
Well, I’ll tell you the answer later on. Now Finn, this study we are talking says babies learn language in the womb – so, inside the Mother before they are born?
恩，稍後我會告訴你答案。Finn，回到剛剛的話題。研究表明，嬰兒在子宮裡便學習語言，也就是說，在媽媽肚子裡時就開始了？
Yes. When babies are born they can identify – or recognise – familiar sounds and language patterns. Ten weeks before they are born, they are listening to their mothers communicate.
是的。嬰兒出生時，已可辨知熟悉聲音和語言模式。出生前十周，他們一直在聽媽媽溝通。
Communicate – so they are listening to their mother talking to other people. And it is remembering and learning these sounds.
溝通，也就是聽媽媽和別人講話。與此同時，他們會記憶、學習這些聲音。
Yes. And if a baby’s mother is bi-lingual – speaking two languages – the baby can remember sounds from both of these languages. But Rob, you have children, don’t you? Do you think they learnt to recognise your voice before they were born?
沒錯。而且如果媽媽講雙語（兩種語言），那麼嬰兒便可記住兩種語言的聲音。可是Rob，你也有孩子，對吧？你覺得他們在出生前學習辨認你的聲音了嗎？
That’s difficult to know. After they were born they responded to different sounds but I don’t know if they linked the sounds to a particular person. And now, they don’t listen to me at all!
這個很難知道。出生後，他們接觸了不同聲音，我也不知他們是否把這些聲音同某個人聯繫了起來。反正現在是一點不聽我的！
I don’t believe that! How have they learnt to speak since they were born?
我才不信！他們出生後是怎樣學習說話的？
Through listening and copying people. And now my three-year-old son learns French at nursery and I hope that means by the time he starts school he will be very good at it – or we could say, fluent.
邊聽邊模仿唄。我那3歲的兒子目前正在托兒所學法語，真希望上學時他能講的很流利。
Très bien!
很好！
Excuse me?
恩？什麼意思？
That’s French for very good! Of course, when the baby is in the womb, it is not learning words, it is learning the rhythm of the language.These are the patterns of the sound. It can hear when sounds go up and go down and when they are loud and soft.That is something I try to do when I learn a new language. I listen to the sound patterns of the words – the ups and downs. How do you learn Rob?
那是法語，就是很好的意思。嬰兒在子宮裡不學單詞，而是學習語言節奏。即聲音的模式。他們能聽出聲音何時升高、下降、變大、變緩。我學新語言時就那樣做。聽單詞的聲音模式與起伏變化。你怎麼學的，Rob？
Through repetition – by hearing something again and again and then saying it. But here is another question: even though we both speak English we sound different.
我是重複學的。即一遍遍聽，一遍遍說。但有一個問題：雖然咱倆都講英語，但還是有所差異。
Well of course, that is our accent – that is how we say words depending on which country, region, or social class we come from.I have a soft Scottish accent because I am from Scotland! One difference is the intonation – that means the way your voices rises and falls when you speak.
當然，因為咱倆有口音，即因國家、地域、階層差異而產生的不同講話方式。我有蘇格蘭口音，因為我來自那裡。其中，口音差異包括語調差異，即講話時聲音的抑揚頓挫。
But it is also about the way we pronounce our vowel sounds – like a and o.
可是口音差異也包括發母音時的差異，比如a，o。
That’s true. Some people think we learn our accents before we are born. Here is a little test. Can you tell if this baby is French or German?
一點沒錯。有些人認為，我們在出生前便已學習口音。下面是一個小測試，Rob，你聽聽哪個是法國嬰兒，哪個是德國嬰兒？
That just sounds like a regular baby crying. Can I hear another one please?
聽起來很正常的嬰兒哭聲，你再給我放另一個聽聽？
OK…
好。
Hmm. That sounds different but I couldn’t tell you where he was from.
恩，確實有所不同，不過我聽不出他們來自哪。
The first baby was born to German-speaking parents and the second one was born to French-speaking parents. They picked up the intonation in the voice before they were born.
第一個嬰兒是德國的，第二個嬰兒是法國的。他們在出生前便學會了語調。
OK, so the French baby’s cry goes up – it rises - and the German baby’s cry goes down – or drops - just like the intonation of both languages. Fascinating.Anyway, it’s time to find out how much you have learnt Finn. Earlier I asked, according to a survey, which one of these words was discovered to be the most common first word for a baby to say – not including Mummy or Daddy? a) dog b) eat c) bus
恩，所以法國嬰兒的哭聲呈升調，德國嬰兒的哭聲呈降調，正好和兩種語言的語調相符合。真有趣。好了，Finn，該檢查你所學知識了。我那會問你，據研究顯示，下面哪個單詞是嬰兒常說的首個單詞，當然不包括Mummy和Daddy。A. dog B. eat C. bus
And I thought it would be a) dog
我選的A. dog。
You are right. Dog is one of ten words that babies in the UK say first. Well, that’s all we have time for today. Please join us again for another 6 Minute English soon.
回答正確。Dog是英國嬰兒先說的十個單詞之一。好了，以上就是本期節目的內容，記得收聽下一期BBC六分鐘英語哦。
Bye.
拜拜~~