字神帝國英語天地

 今日主題：Martian Soil Salts May Make Water Ice All Wet
火星的土壤鹽會使冰變成水 (托福的最愛—火星)

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voas…/2014/20140729sa_space.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

中英文稿：
If Martians exist, even the microbial sort, they probably need liquid water. Temperatures on the surface of the red planet are below freezing, but signs exist that water flowed in the past—and perhaps still does, thanks to a Martian version of anti- freeze.
如果火星人存在，即使他們屬於微生物類，他們也可能需要液態水。火星表面的溫度在冰點以下，但是存在跡象表明過去有水流動過，也許現在仍然在流動，發現這一狀況多虧了火星版的防凍劑。

Salts lower the freezing point of water, as anyone knows who's thrown salt on an icy sidewalk. And both NASA's Phoenix and Curiosity missions found salts called perchlorates sprinkled around the Martian surface.
鹽降低了水的冰點，就像大家所知的把鹽撒在結冰的人行道上可以化冰。美國航空航天局的鳳凰號和好奇號航天器發現撒落在火星表面的一種叫做高氯酸鹽的鹽。

To see how perchlorates might act on Mars, researchers recreated the pressure, humidity and temperature of the planet inside a metal cylinder. They put a thin layer of perchlorates on top of water ice inside the chamber. Within minutes, droplets of liquid water formed, even at minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit. You can find more 60-Second Space on chinavoa.com
為了弄清楚高氯酸鹽在火星上所起到的作用，研究人員在一個金屬圓筒裡重新創置火星上的壓力，濕度和溫度。他們把容器內冰水的表面鋪上了一層薄膜。即使在華氏零下100度，幾分鐘後，就形成了液態水滴。

Some scientists thought perchlorates might condense water vapor from the atmosphere. But within the cylinder, no liquid water formed in the presence of salts, either alone or on Mars-like soil, unless ice was present too. The study is in the journal Geophysical Research Letters. [Erik Fischer et al, Experimental evidence for the formation of liquid saline water on Mars]
一些科學家認為高氯酸鹽可能會凝結大氣中的水蒸汽。但是在金屬圓筒內，在沒有鹽參與的情況下未形成液態水，在光有火星土壤情況下也未形成，除非冰也參與了此過程。這項研究被發表在《地球物理研究快報》雜誌上。

The finding study could explain mysterious globules seen on the leg of the Phoenix in 2008. The lander may have been dotted with drops of otherworldly water. —Clara Moskowitz
這一研究發現可以解釋2008年出現在鳳凰號航天器上的神秘水珠，其著陸器上可能沾上了幾滴這超凡脫俗的水。—克拉拉•莫斯科維克。