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GRE&GMAT邏輯推理題對比

 　　GRE&GMAT邏輯推理題對比，主要是從不同的維度，分析邏輯推理部分在兩門不同考試中的作用，希望對考生備考方面的選擇提供幫助。

GRE GMAT 邏輯推理題題型對比

　(1)自2002年，美國ETS將原GRE考試中包含邏輯推理(Logical Reasoning)的Analytical Section取消，替換為分析性寫作(Analytical Writing)。

　(2)在GMAT考試中，以Critical Reasoning的形式進行考試。

GRE GMAT 邏輯推理題考題對比

　　GRE邏輯推理題分析

A recent study of an insurance company s underwriters indicated that those who worked in pleasant physical surroundings were 25 percent more productive than their peers in unpleasant physical surroundings. Objective criteria for evaluating job performance included caseload and complexity of cases. This shows that improving workers environments increases those workers productivity.

　　Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion above?

　　A. On average, less-productive employees spend no fewer hours per day at their workstations than do their more-productive peers.(平均而言，生產效率低的雇員並不比他們工作效率高的同事在工作場所花費的時間少)

　　B. Unpleasant surroundings give employees less motivation to work hard than more pleasant surroundings do.(令人不適的工作環境，相對於令人舒適的工作環境來說，更不能激勵雇員賣力工作)

　　C. The more-productive employees are generally rewarded with pleasant office space.More-product(效率較高的雇員通常被回報以令人舒適的工作環境)

　　D.ive employees do not work any more hours than their less-productive peers.(效率較高的雇員並不比效率低的同事工作時間長)

　　E. Peer pressure discourages employees in crowded, unpleasant surroundings from making phone calls to their own family members during work time。(同行的壓力使得在擁擠、令人不適的環境裡工作的雇員不能在工作時間給家人打電話)

　　譯文：最近對一家保險公司的保險商的研究表明，處在令人舒適的工作環境中的員工要比處在不大舒服環境的員工的工作效率要高25%。所以評價工作業績也需要和工作與案例的複雜程度有關係。這表明，改善員工的工作環境可以提高工作效率。

　　以上哪項結論，如果正確可以削弱以上結論。

　　推理分析：段落推理是通過一項研究的結果：處在令人舒適的工作環境中的員工要比處在不大舒服環境的員工的工作效率要高25%，得出段落結論: 改善員工的工作環境可以提高工作效率。但是結果中的效率高和工作環境好二者誰導致誰，並不知道，所以得出工作環境好導致效率高。

　　本段是典型的Weaken題，重點在於結論。A、D的觀點是效率低和效率高的員工的相同點，不能起到，Weaken的作用，B是支持結論，E是新觀點making phone。選擇C效率高導致工作環境好，與段落推理明顯衝突，所以C是最佳答案。

GMAT邏輯推理題分析

　　A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune system activity. The researcher concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against physical disease.

　　The researcher’s conclusion would be most seriously weakened if it were true that

　　(A) there was a one-year delay between the completion of a pilot study for the experiment and the initiation of the experiment itself(在針對試驗性研究的完成與開始試驗本身之間有一年的間隔時間)

　　(B) people’s levels of immune-system activity are not affected by their use of medications(人們的免疫系統活性水準沒有受到他們服用的藥物的影響)

　　(C) a few people with high immune-system activity had scores on the test of mental health that were similar to the scores of people who had normal immune-system activity(免疫系統活性高的一些人在心理測試方面的得分一樣)

　　(D) people who have low immune-system activity tend to contract more viral infections than do people with normal or high immune-system activity(與免疫系統活性正常或高的人相比，免疫系統活性低的人更易得過濾性毒菌引起的感染)

　　(E) high levels of stress first cause mental illness and then cause decreased immune-system activity in normal individuals(高度壓力首先導致心理疾病，然後導致正常人的免疫系統活性的降低)

　　邏輯分析：段落推理為“該研究人員從免疫系統活性水準低與心理健康的低分數的聯繫中，得出結論，免疫系統活性實際上可以抑制心理疾病。但是不清楚兩者之間誰可以導致誰，所以結論就過於武斷，錯誤的可能性很高。

　　所以本題是標準的反對題，A、“間隔時間”與上述結論無關，B對推理毫無作用，C是共同點，不可能起到反對的作用，D與“心理健康測試”無關，E的內容如果實現就是因果倒置，最能削弱研究結論，所以是正確答案。

 GRE GMAT 邏輯推理題對比總結

　　通過以上的例題分析，GRE與GMAT考試在邏輯推理部分，考查類型、問題目的類型、答案選擇和思維模式都大致相同，所以考生可以這兩相結合的進行複習備考，對於考生邏輯推理能力的提升，會有意想不到的效果。