今日主題：Heritage sites 遺產類景區
凱妃老師&派老師共同推薦：雅思聽力最好的課外教材：BBC
康康精選雅思會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!
建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。
#BBC 六分鐘英語
MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/1052.mp3
只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：
中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Alice…
大家好，歡迎收聽六分鐘英語，我是愛麗絲。
And I’m Neil.
我是尼爾。
So, Neil, what’s the best holiday you’ve ever had?
尼爾，你度過最美好的假期是做什麼？
That would be scuba diving on the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia. It was awesome! I saw sharks, sea turtles, manta rays...
是在澳大利亞大堡礁潛水。那段經歷太棒了！我看到了鯊魚、海龜、蝠鱝……
I certainly don’t like the idea of coming nose to nose with a shark! But then diving isn’t really my thing. I’m more into cultural holidays – you know, visiting the ruins of ancient civilisations.
我著實不喜歡和鯊魚面對面接觸。潛水也不是我的菜。我更喜歡具有文化氣息的假期，例如參觀古老文明的遺跡。
That’s very worthy, Alice. But tourists are actually damaging a number of important sites around the world– tramping around, dropping litter, scribbling graffiti everywhere…
很有意義啊，愛麗絲。但是遊客們也破壞了很多世界重要的遺址，隨處踩踏、亂扔垃圾、亂寫亂畫……
I would never drop litter or scribble graffiti!
我從來沒有亂扔垃圾，亂寫亂畫!
Well, we’re talking about world heritage sites today, which are places UNESCO considers to be at risk from various threats and in need of protection. Heritage means the things a society considers important to its history and culture, for example art, buildings, or natural sites such as the Grand Canyon in the United States.
今天我們的主題就是談論世界遺址，討論那些聯合國教科文組織認為遭受各種威脅，需要保護的地方。遺址是指一個社會認為對其歷史和文化至關重要的東西。例如，藝術、建築、自然景觀，像美國的大峽谷。
And the environment poses a number of different threats. So, Neil, can you tell me which sea creature is a potential threat to the Great Barrier Reef’s ecosystem? Is it a …a) starfish? b) jellyfish? Or c) cuttlefish?
環境變化也給這些遺址帶來了許多威脅。尼爾，你能告訴我哪種海洋生物會對大堡礁的生態系統造成威脅嗎？a)海星b)海蜇；還是c)烏賊？
I will go for b) jellyfish. I’m no expert on marine life, but I have eaten jellyfish and I haven’t eaten the other ones.
我選b)海蜇。我不是海洋生物的專家，但我吃過海蜇，其他的兩個沒吃過。
Oh, I see. Well, we’ll find out later on if you are an expert or not. But let’s listen now to BBC reporter Roger Harrabin talking about other types of threat to heritage sites. See how many you can spot!
好吧。節目的最後我們再看你是不是專家。我們聽聽BBC記者Roger Harrabin 的談話，談論對遺址造成的各類威脅。看你能數出多少種！
The most precious wonders of the natural world– Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, America’s spectacular Grand Canyon, the Barrier Reef of Belize in South America, second biggest on Earth – all facing threats from humans. The Great Barrier Reef is attracting urgent concern. There’s a huge battle over mining and port development. A giant coalmine has just been given the go-ahead by the Queensland government even though scientists warn it may damage the Reef.
自然界最珍貴的奇跡——澳大利亞大堡礁，美國壯觀的大峽谷，世界第二大堡礁南美貝里斯堡礁，都遭遇了來自人類的威脅。大堡礁的處境得到了人們的關注。礦業和港口發展方面存在巨大爭執。昆士蘭政府著力優先開採大型煤礦，即便科學家告誡這會損害珊瑚礁。
That’s the BBC’s Roger Harrabin. Well, I spotted a couple of threats to heritage sites there – mining and port development. Now, any type of industrial activity can harm them by, for example, encroaching on the natural habitat of animals and plants living there, or by polluting the water that flows into the site.
上述便是BBC記者Roger Harrabin的看法。我聽出兩個威脅——採礦和港口發展。任何類型的工業活動都會破壞遺產型景區，如侵佔動植物自然棲息地，或污染的水源流入景區。
Mining is the process of extracting coal or other minerals from the ground, and if you encroach on something, it means you move beyond acceptable limits. The interesting thing is that world heritage sites only constitute 0.5% of the Earth’s surface – so why can’t people do their mining and industrial development on the remaining 99.5%!
採礦是指將煤或其他礦石從地面採出。侵犯某物，是指你的活動超出可接受的範圍。有意思的是全世界遺產類景觀只占地球表面的0.5%。所以為什麼人們不能在剩下的99.5%的土地上採礦，發展港口！
But there is one human industry that can actually be beneficial for precious sites: tourism.
但有一項產業有利於這些珍貴的景觀：旅遊業。
But you said earlier that tourism was bad for heritage sites.
但你之前說過旅遊業不利於遺址的保護。
I know. And I was right, up to a point. World heritage sites are some of tourism’s main attractions, and more and more people are visiting them. So it’s all about getting the balance right between generating money to maintain and restore the sites and minimizing the impact of tourist activities.
我知道，在一定程度上我說過的是對的。世界遺產是旅遊業中的主要景點，越來越多的人們前來參觀。所以吸收資金維護和修繕景點和將旅遊活動的影響降至最小，這二者之間要達到平衡。
Such as littering and graffiti.
例如亂扔垃圾，亂寫亂畫。
Exactly. And the term for this is sustainable tourism – or tourism designed to have a low impact on the local culture and the environment, while generating employment for local people.
沒錯。有一個術語就叫可持續旅遊，即對當地文化和環境產生較小影響的旅遊業，同時也會刺激當地就業。
So UNESCO is working to direct governments, site managers and visitors towards sustainable tourism practices in order to keep our world’s natural and cultural heritage safe for future generations.
所以聯合國教科文組織試圖引導政府，景點經營者，以及遊客向可持續旅遊發展，為我們的後代保護好自然界和文化遺產。
Wow, you can really talk the talk, Alice. You should work for UNESCO!OK, let’s move on now, and listen to Paul Crocombe, of the Snorkelling and Diving Company in Townsville, Queensland, Australia, giving his view on how the Great Barrier Reef will cope with threats to its survival.
你說的頭頭是道。你應該為教科文組織工作！好了，我們繼續說，聽聽Paul Crocombe的看法，他在位於澳大利亞昆士蘭湯斯維爾的Snorkelling and Diving Company公司工作，他會講述大堡礁如何應對威脅，得以存活。
The Reef’s fairly dynamic, it’s been through a couple of ice ages, and is still here,so its resilience will ensure that the Reef is still here in years to come. But the species diversity and the… the visual aesthetics of the Reef may change quite considerably, especially if we get an increase in sea temperature, an increase in carbon dioxide in the water, and things like that.
珊瑚是非常有活力的，它們挺過冰河時期，仍然存在著，其強大的恢復力可以保證珊瑚年復一年的存在。但種類的多樣性，以及視覺上的美感會發生很大的變化，尤其是海水溫度上升，水中的二氧化碳增加以及類似情形的出現。
Paul Crocombe describes the Reef as ’dynamic’ and ’resilient’.
Paul Crocombe 認為珊瑚非常有活力，並且恢復力極強。
Dynamic means active or capable of changing and resilience means the ability to recover or adapt to change – which all sounds good. But Paul also says that the species diversity – the range of plants and animals – may change.
Dynamic是指活躍的，能夠改變的，resilience是指適應改變，並得以恢復的能力。這聽上去都很好。但Paul表示種類的多樣性，也就是動植物的類型也許會發生改變。
For example, a rise in sea temperature would cause a rise in carbon dioxide levels – and this could have a big impact on both the species diversity and the Reef’s visual aesthetic – or the way it looks.
例如，海水溫度上漲，會造成二氧化碳含量增加，這會對種族多樣性及珊瑚的視覺美感產生影響，視覺審美也就是它看上去的樣子。
OK, I think it’s time now for the answer to today’s quiz question, Alice.
好了，也是時候公佈今天問題的答案了。
Yes, I think so too. OK, so, I asked you: Which sea creature poses a potential threat to the Great Barrier Reef’s ecosystem? Is it a type of … a) starfish, b) jellyfish or c) cuttlefish?
我也這麼覺得。好了，我問你，哪種海洋生物會對大堡礁的生態系統造成威脅？a) 海星, b) 海蜇還是 c) 烏賊？
And I said b) jellyfish.
我選的是 b) 海蜇。
And you got stung, I’m afraid, Neil!
恐怕你答錯了！
Ouch!
天啊！
The answer is starfish. The crown-of-thorns starfish preys on coral and large outbreaks of these starfish can devastate reefs. Now, can you remind us of some of today’s vocabulary, Neil?
正確答案是海星。棘冠星魚會捕食珊瑚蟲，大量的海星會摧毀珊瑚。現在可以帶我們回憶一下今天的單詞嗎？
Sure:
當然：
heritage 遺址
encroach on something 侵犯某物
sustainable tourism 可持續旅遊
dynamic 有活力的
resilience 恢復力
species diversity 種族多樣性
visual aesthetic 視覺美感
Well, that’s the end of today’s 6 Minute English. Don’t forget to join us again soon!
今天的六分鐘英語就到這裡。不要忘了下期再會！
Bye!
再見！
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