字神帝國英語天地

👑今日主題：NYC Mice Are Packed with Pathogens (紐約市老鼠被病原體包圍)

👑字神老師推薦：加強英聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science

👑康康精選各考試中重要主題，堅持精聽一定會進步的哦!

🍄建議堅聽四步驟：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

🍄MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：http://bit.ly/2InQoNZ  喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~

🍄只有音檔怎夠，有聽不懂地方，不用怕，老師都幫你準備好中英文稿了哦：
🍄中英文稿：
Rats. They're a defining feature of life in New York City, rustling in trash bags, scurrying along the subway tracks—and becoming famous for occasionally eating pizza. But these urban vermin may be less of a threat to human health than their smaller, cuter cousins—the city's mice.
大老鼠。是紐約市生活的一個重要特徵，在垃圾袋裡發出沙沙聲，在地鐵軌道上急跑，並因偶爾吃披薩而聞名。但是，這些城市害蟲對人類健康的威脅，可能還不如其較小的可愛表兄弟—城市老鼠。

"They're in your buildings, and they get into your kitchen cupboards, and they get behind refrigerators. So they have a real potential to contaminate the environment that you actually live in."
“它們存在於建築物裡，進入你的廚房櫥櫃，並且藏在冰箱後面，所以它們很可能會污染你居住的環境。”

Simon Williams is a microbiologist at Columbia University and the University of Western Australia. He and his colleagues trapped more than 400 mice in apartment building basements in Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn and the Bronx. They took swabs of the mice's rear ends, gathered feces from the traps, and subjected both to a battery of genetic tests.
賽門威廉斯是哥倫比亞大學和西澳大利亞大學的微生物學家。他和同事在曼哈頓、皇后區、布魯克林和布朗克斯的公寓樓地下室中捕獲了400多隻老鼠。他們收集了陷阱中的糞便，並做抽樣檢查、進行了一系列基因測試。

The mice harbored an array of disease--causing bacteria, like shigella, Clostridium difficile, salmonella. They also carried a suite of antibiotic-resistance genes, and viruses associated with insects, dogs, chickens and pigs. Mice from a Chelsea apartment building had the most pig virus—perhaps, the scientists say, because they live near the Meatpacking District, which used to have pork processing facilities before fashionable nightclubs took over.
這些小老鼠含有一系列致病細菌，如志賀氏菌、艱難梭菌、沙門氏菌。它們還攜帶了一套抗生素抗性基因，以及與昆蟲、狗、雞和豬有關的病毒。科學家表示，來自切爾西公寓樓的老鼠攜帶有數量最多的豬病毒，因為切爾西公寓樓在肉庫區附近，這個地區在成為時尚夜總會之前，曾有豬肉加工設施。

The details are in the journal mBio.
詳情請見《微生物學》雜誌。

The mere fact that these microbes can be found in poop, though, isn't cause for immediate alarm. "You know we're not saying these bugs are all out to get us. We're just finding the genetic footprint. They're indicators, but we're not saying they're necessarily out there and there's a huge problem. So keep calm, in terms of the public health response."
儘管這些微生物可以在糞便中找到，但這並不是立即引起警報的原因。“你知道我們並不是說這些蟲子都是都與我們人類有關，我們只是找到遺傳足跡，它們是指標，但我們並不是說它們必然存在，而且有大問題。所以就公共衛生應對措施保持冷靜。＂

Further work might tease out whether there's transmission of bacteria between mice feces and humans. Until then, there are plenty of other New Yorkers to investigate.
進一步的工作可能會弄清楚老鼠糞便和人類之間是否存在細菌傳播。在此之前，還有很多其他紐約“人”需要調查。

"Cockroach would be an amazing one to go onto next. I think they have real potential."
“蟑螂將是下一個驚人的研究對象，我認為他們擁有十足的潛力。

原文出處: https://bit.ly/2jHGjgE