字神帝國英語天地

托福閱讀利用上下文線索猜測詞義

1、根據同義、反義關係猜詞

Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.

A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy

traditional與liberal意思相反，故選B。

2、根據句意或段落文章的上、下文猜測詞義

Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing together with them or laughed at them.

A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated

根據下文的disliked playing together with them判斷此處應為“感到孤立”，故選D。

利用構詞法猜測詞義(利用前、尾碼及合成詞猜詞義)

用前、尾碼猜測詞義

英語中的首碼、尾碼構詞頗多，且特定的綴往往表示特定的含義，把握住這一點，可起到以不變應萬變的效果。

1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.

overwork是由首碼over-加動詞構成，over有“超過、過於”之意，overwork意思是“工作過多，勞累過度”。再如，overburden負擔過重，overcharge要價過高，overdo做得過分。英語中常用的首碼還有：

mis-錯，誤：misfortune不幸;mislead誤導;mismanage處理不當

mid-中央：midnight半夜;midway半路

under-低於：underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估

anti-反對：antibody抗體;anticyclone反氣旋;antifreeze防凍劑

下面劃線單詞為常見尾碼派生詞：

1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty為名詞的標誌)

2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize為及物動詞的標誌，再如realize, modernize)

利用合成詞猜測詞義。

Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.

根據短語構成及上下文意思看，此處partakes in相當於takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名詞爆發)，set out-outset(名詞起始)，come in-income(名詞收入) 。