字神帝國英語天地

今日主題：Shy Fish Prefer to Follow Other Shy Fish /物以類聚? NO!

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/2016/20160613sa_mind.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

中英文稿：
When you think of a leader, you may think of an individual who is above all bold. But a new study of fish called sticklebacks shows that shy individuals actually prefer to follow fish that are similarly timid.
當你想到領導時，可能浮現在你腦海中的是一個非常勇敢的人。但是，一項對棘魚的最新研究表明，實際上害羞的魚類更喜歡追隨膽小的魚兒。

Researchers had trios of sticklebacks with known personalities play follow the leader. The fish were placed in a tank that had some plastic plants at one end and some food hidden at the other. In some of the groups, a bold fish and a shy fish acted as leaders, while another shy fish followed. And in other groups, it was a bold fish that did the following. The researchers recorded whether the follower sallied forth more frequently with the fish that was behaviorally similar or the one that was different.
研究人員設置了幾組棘魚，三條為一組，每組中分別放置一條不同個性的魚扮演領導者。他們把這些魚放到一個大池子，池子的一端放上塑膠的植物，而另一端則藏 著一些食物。在有些組中，是由大膽的魚和害羞的魚扮演領導者的角色，而害羞的魚兒相隨。而在其他的組別中，有些勇敢的魚卻充當了追隨者的角色。研究人員記 錄了追隨者是否跟隨行為相似的魚或者與自己截然相反的魚兒。

What they found is that shy fish were more likely to emerge from under cover when an equally wary fellow was already out there. Bold follower fish did not seem to care which leader they followed.
研究發現，害羞的魚更有可能在有一隻同樣小心警惕的同伴出現時，不再隱藏自己的行跡。而勇敢的魚兒們則好像並不在意它們追隨的魚是怎樣的性格哦。

Of course, no matter which fish a stickleback chose to stick with, the bold fish did lead more expeditions over the course of the experiment than their more retiring friends. That’s because the bold fish initiated more trips, regardless of who might be tailing them. The findings are in the journal Biology Letters.
當然，無論棘魚選擇追隨何種魚類，與善於隱居的朋友相比，大膽的魚類在實驗的過程中存在更多的探險行為。這是因為無論誰追隨自己，大膽的魚兒都會開創更多的旅途。該研究結果發表在《生物學快報》雜誌上。

The researchers write that “when offered a choice of leaders, sticklebacks prefer to follow individuals whose personality matches their own, but bolder individuals may, nevertheless, be able to impose their leadership, even among shy followers, simply through greater effort.” We may soon see if such tendencies also hold true in humans, when Americans decide who they’ll follow in November. Unless, of course, something fishy happens.
研究人員寫道“當在選擇領導人角色時，棘魚喜歡追隨與自己個性相同的個體，但是儘管如此，勇敢的魚兒也會通過努力，在眾多害羞的魚兒中，施展自己的領導才 能。”可能不久之後，我們就會發現，這樣趨勢在人類當中也同樣適用，比如在11月份美國人民需要決定他們要追隨哪個領袖。當然，除非有見不得人的勾當發 生。