字神帝國英語天地

今日主題：Air Pollution Gives Storm Clouds a Stronger, Longer Life
大氣污染使烏雲力量更加強大

洪欣老師推薦：托福聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
康康精選托福會考的主題，堅持每天精聽一定會進步的哦!!

建議方法：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20160624sa_science.mp3

只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

中英文稿：
Summertime in India can be unbearably hot. "And the first thing you want, is, get me some clouds, to cool down." Sudip Chakraborty grew up there, in Kolkata. Where he developed a childhood fascination with clouds. "And in like three or four months during monsoon time, it was like, rain, rain, all rain. I like the clouds, the rain, the strength they have. Their importance. It's something like I love them, you know?"
在印度，夏季悶熱難耐。你的第一反應是想要得到幾朵烏雲降溫。Sudip Chakraborty在（印度）加爾各答長大。在這裡，他的童年時代對烏雲十分著迷。而像在季風期間的三或四個月中，雨水終日不息。我喜歡烏雲，喜歡雨 以及它們所擁有的力量。它們至關重要。就像我愛它們一樣，你了解吧?

His love of water vapor led him to study clouds, as a climate scientist at UC Davis. Clouds, he says, are built of tiny aerosol particles of dust or pollution from fossil fuel burning that suck up water vapor. "Now these cloud particles with time they combine with each other, and become big. And when they become big, due to gravity, they fall out, and we call it rain."
作為加州大學戴維斯分校的氣候科學家，他對水蒸氣的熱愛促使他研究烏雲。他表示雲是由塵埃中微小的懸浮顆粒或由化石燃料燃燒的污染物吸收水蒸氣構成。現 在，隨著時間的推移這些雲粒子彼此結合，體積變得越拉越大。當它們體積開始變大，由於重力作用，它們開始降落，我們稱之為雨。

Chakraborty studied that process in large thunderstorm systems over the tropics, using data from geostationary and circumpolar satellites. And he found that when more aerosols seed the air, like in places with lots of industrial or agricultural pollution, the same amount of water vapor gets absorbed by a larger number of aerosols… meaning tinier-than-usual cloud particle size.
Chakraborty通過利用同步和極地衛星數據，在熱帶地區大範圍雷暴系統中研究這一過程。他發現當更多的浮質漂浮在空氣中，如在有工業或農業污染的地方，相同重量的水蒸氣會被大量的懸浮顆粒所吸收，指的是比平常更細小的雲粒徑。

That's important, because "it makes the cloud bigger and larger and stronger and live longer." Three to 24 hours longer. And "it can produce more extreme storms when the rain finally comes." The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. [Sudip Chakraborty et al., Relative influence of meteorological conditions and aerosols on the lifetime of mesoscale convective systems]
這一點至關重要，因為它使得烏雲的體積變得更大、力量更加強大、持續時間更長。三至24小時。當降雨最終來臨時，它可以帶來更強烈的風暴。該項研究發表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上。

A silver lining: he says longer-lasting clouds also reflect more light back into space, which could end up cooling the planet—and at least tap the brakes on climate change.
一線希望：他表示，持續時間更長的雲朵也將更多的光反射回太空，這可能最終使地球冷卻。至少可以為氣候變化問題踩下剎車。