字神帝國英語天地

👑字神老師推薦：加強英聽力最好的課外教材：60-Second Science
👑康康精選各考試中重要主題，堅持精聽一定會進步的哦!

👑今日主題：提高光合作用能使作物增加產量
Rev Up Photosynthesis to Boost Crop Yields

🍄建議堅聽四步驟：
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍，直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿，看哪聽不出來，單字沒背過，還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽，就能每天進步哦。
#科學人 SSS
🍄MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
https://bit.ly/2H9Cc77

🍄只有音檔怎夠，有聽不懂地方，不用怕，老師都幫你準備好中英文稿了哦：

🍄中英文稿：
“Photosynthesis is surprisingly inefficient, only of the order of one to two percent. And one of the main culprits is an enzyme called RuBisCo.”
“光合作用效率低得驚人，只有1%到2%左右。而其中一個主要罪魁禍首是一種名為RuBisCo的酶。”
Laura Barter, a biological chemist at Imperial College, London. Scientific American editor-in-chief Mariette DiChristina recorded these comments when they chatted at the recent World Economic Forum in Davos.
倫敦帝國理工學院的生物化學家Laura Barter，在最近的達沃斯世界經濟論壇上聊天時，科學美國人總編Mariette DiChristina記錄了這些評論。
That enzyme RuBisCo? Because it’s vital for the first major step in photosynthesis, it’s probably the most abundant enzyme on the planet. And it’s worked fine for a very long time. But for our needs, we humans want it to work better.
這種酶RuBisCo?因為它對光合作用的第一個重要步驟至關重要，因此這可能是地球上最豐富的酶。而且它在很長一段時間內運行良好。但為了我們的需要，我們人類希望它能起更好的作用。
“And I’m very interested in trying to improve upon this enzyme because it’s both slow and it also suffers from a lack of specificity. And it can catalyze a reaction with carbon dioxide that you want, but also a competing reaction with oxygen. And, so we’re looking at ways that we can enhance the local concentration of carbon dioxide around RuBisCo to increase its efficiency—and ultimately increase crop yield.”
“我對改善這種酶非常感興趣，因為它既緩慢又缺乏特異性。它可以催化你想要的二氧化碳反應，但也可以與氧氣競爭反應。因此，我們正在尋找能夠通過提高RuBisCo，來提高當地二氧化碳濃度，從而提高提高效率並最終提高作物產量。”
Barter explained how she’s trying to do that at a talk she gave at the Forum:
“There are a suite of enzymes that are involved in the capture and release of carbon dioxide and we’re synthesizing some molecules that can mimic this behavior.
Barter在論壇上發表的演講中解釋了她如何這樣做：“有一套酶參與二氧化碳的捕獲和釋放，我們正在合成一些可以模擬這種行為的分子。
With the hope that they can be sprayed on crops much in the same way as a fertilizer. And will be taken up by the plant and will increase the concentration of carbon dioxide around RuBisCo inside the plant and increase its activity and photosynthetic yields. Now, we have already synthesized this suite of molecules and have shown that they can capture and release carbon dioxide and we’re testing their effect on RuBisCo that’s been extracted from plants and seeing really, really, exciting results.”
希望它們可以像肥料一樣噴灑在農作物上。而且將被植物吸收，並增加植物體內RuBisCo，以提高二氧化碳濃度並提高其活性和光合作用。現在，我們已經合成了這套分子，並表明它們可以捕獲和釋放二氧化碳，我們正在測試它們對從植物中提取的RuBisCo的影響，並看到真正令人興奮的結果。”