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👑康康精選各考試中重要主題,堅持精聽一定會進步的哦!
👑今日主題:Archaeologist Makes Case for Seafaring Neanderthals / 考古學家為尼安德塔人航海做個案研究


🍄建議堅聽四步驟:
1. 先聽兩三遍 (不看文稿)
2. 再一句一句聽寫 (每句都要聽寫數遍,直到寫出85%以上的字)
3. 最後check文稿,看哪聽不出來,單字沒背過,還是發音不熟。
4. 堅持天天聽,就能每天進步哦。

🍄MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽):喜歡的同學,幫忙推或按讚哦~~
https://bit.ly/2HiNju0

🍄只有音檔怎夠,有聽不懂地方,不用怕,老師都幫你準備好中英文稿了哦:

🍄中英文稿:
The more we learn about Neanderthals, the more like us they become. They made jewelry, from shells and eagle talons. They probably painted cave art. They may have buried their dead as well.
我們對尼安德塔人的瞭解越多,他們就變得越像我們。他們用貝殼和鷹爪製作首飾。他們可能有洞穴藝術。他們也許也埋葬了他們的死者。
And now some archaeologists say evidence is mounting for another skill the Neanderthals might have shared: the ability to navigate the seas.
現在一些考古學家說,尼安德塔人可能會分享另一項技能的證據越來越多:能夠駕馭海洋。
"Maybe that's just part of the human psyche, of wanting to go and explore places, and maybe that extends back further than we would have thought."

“也許這只是人類靈魂的一部分,想要去探索遠方,也許這比我們想像得更遠了。”
Alan Simmons of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He presented his case at a meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in Washington, D.C., first reported in an article by journalist Andrew Lawler in the journal Science.
拉斯維加斯內華達大學的lan Simmons。他在華盛頓特區的美國考古學會會議上介紹了他的案例,這是由記者Andrew Lawler在科學雜誌上,發表的一篇文章首次報導的。
The case goes like this: hundreds of stone tools have now been found, lodged in ancient soils, on Mediterranean islands like Crete and Naxos. We can't date the tools directly—they're too old. But Simmons says you can put them into a rough chronology with other tools, based on their sophistication. He compares it to car styles:
情況是這樣的:現在已發現數百種石器,存放在古代土壤中,地中海島嶼如克里特島和納克索斯島上。我們無法直接以工具訂年,他們太舊了。但Simmons說,基於其複雜性,你可以用其他工具,將它們放入一個粗略的年代表。他將其與汽車風格進行了比較:
"The tail fins of old Cadillacs, you could seriate those and show this is older than this or more recent than this, but you couldn't put an absolute date on it. That's exactly what we do with typologies and technologies, you know, this is the way these tools were made during a certain time period."
“老凱迪拉克的尾翼,你可以將它們串聯起來,並且顯示它比這更早或更近,但是,你不能在它上面,加上絕對的日期,這正是我們在類型學和技術方面所做的,正是這些工具在特定時間段內製造的方式。“
Those clues and other hints—like the fact the stone tools are buried in ancient soils—suggest the implements could date back to the Middle Paleolithic, somewhere between 50 and maybe 200 thousand years ago—meaning they could have been made before we Homo sapiens showed up. And therefore, to leave tools on the islands, the tool-makers must have plied the seas.
這些線索和其他暗示—比如石器被埋在古代土壤中的事實—表明這些器具可以追溯到50年至20萬年前的中舊石器時代,這意味著,它們可能是在我們智人顯示之前發生的。因此,為了在島上留下工具,工具製造者必須穿越海洋。
"To me this suggests Neanderthals at least had the same cognitive capacities that fully modern people do. 'Cause you don't just make a boat or a raft or whatever and go out and float around in the ocean. There's a lot of cognition involved. You have to have navigation skills. This has implications for language."
“對我而言,這意味著,尼安德塔人至少具有與現代人完全相同的認知能力。”因為你不只是製造一艘船,或一艘木筏,或任何其他東西,而是出去漂浮在海洋中,這涉及到很多知識。你必須具備導航技能,這對語言有影響。“
It's just speculation for now—boat remains are nowhere to be found. But perhaps new digs, and better dates on the tools that have already been uncovered, will strengthen the case. 'Til then: it seems that old stereotype about Neandertals being brutish cave dwellers is already critically endangered. If not extinct.
這只是現在的猜測,船隻遺體無處可尋。但是,也許新的挖掘方式,以及已經發現的工具的更好日期能加強案件研究。看來,尼安德塔人成為殘暴的洞穴居民的陳舊觀念,已經嚴重瀕臨滅絕了,如果他們不是外星人的話。
原文出處: https://bit.ly/2jHGjgE

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