字神帝國英語天地

綜合寫作閱讀主要觀點：
北美西海岸的海星得了一種消耗病（wasting disease）， 針對海星得病的原因，研究人員有幾種不同的猜測。
第一種猜測是寄生蟲使海星生病。寄生蟲依附在海星身上，並且可以在水中快速傳播。所以寄生蟲與海星大規模的死亡有關聯。
第二種猜測是細菌使海星生病。海星吃的貝類中含有大量有害細菌。研究人員做了一個實驗來驗證這個猜測。將海星放置到一個容器中，並在容器中放置附近海域的貝類來喂食海星。最終，容器中的海星都生病了。
第三者猜測是水溫的變化使海星生病。近年來，全球大部分水域的溫度上升了，水溫的上升會降低海星的免疫系統。

綜合寫作聽力主要觀點：
閱讀中每個猜測都有缺陷，海星究竟為什麼會得消耗病仍是個謎。
首先，海星只會在繁殖的時候被寄生蟲感染，因為寄生蟲是通過依附到海星的生殖器官上來傳染海星。然後，海星在一年中都患有消耗病，並不只是在繁殖期患病。所以，不可能是寄生蟲使海星患病。
第二，研究人員對實驗中貝類攜帶的細菌進行仔細分析時發現，這些細菌對海星是沒有危害的，海星從來沒有因為這一類細菌得過病。所以，海星得病的原因仍是個謎。
第三，研究人員發現那些患有消耗病的海星所在的海域的水溫並沒有上升，所以不可能是水溫的原因使海星生病。科學家們發現在風平浪靜的海域，海星常常生病；在波濤洶湧的海域，海星反而不生病。至於為什麼在風平浪靜的海域海星容易生病仍然是個謎。

學生範文：
In the passage, the writer talks about several theories that cause sea star to get wasting disease. However, the professor thinks that each of the theories has a serious weakness and the reason is still a mysterious.
First, the author claims that the sea star wasting disease is caused by small parasites, whereas the professor argues that there is time contradict between the parasites and wasting disease. Small parasites only appear in reproduction seasons because they attach to the sea star reproductive organs. But sea star wasting disease spreads whole year round. So it is impossible for parasite causing the disease.
Second, according to the professor, the theory about bacterial carried by shellfish has some problems. The researchers analyze the shellfish in the experiment and find that the bacteria carried by the shellfish is harmless to sea stars. What's more, this kind of bacterial never make the sea star sick before. So the reason of the wasting disease may be caused by some unknown factor.
Finally, the professor refutes that the rising temperature makes sea stars get wasting disease. Scientists find that the wasting disease occurs in the area where water temperature has remained constant and has not risen at all. Furthermore, they find that the disease occurs in the calm water area and the sea stars often get sick in the strong waves areas.