字神帝國英語天地

在雅思閱讀考試中，親切指數最高的題型一定是選擇題，因為在國内的各種英文考試中選擇題占了相當大的比例。在近兩年的雅思考試中，選擇題占了20% 的比重，重要性不可小覷。但是考生往往反應雅思閱讀的選擇題不容易選對，其原因是因為選項中的陷阱一個接一個，干擾選項不易辨别。考試的過程中，該題型就成了糾結指數最高的題型，拿不定主意，浪費時間，導致整體分數不高。那麼如何辨析選項中的正確選項與干擾選項呢？我們可以把選擇題的選項按照判斷題的TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN的標準來分析，這樣就有利於我們解開這個亂麻一樣的題型了。

一、 正確選項

在文中有定位點，並且替換正確，這就是正確選項的定義，這跟判斷題中的TRUE/YES很像。但在雅思考試中，判斷題的出題範圍通常是一至兩句，而選擇題的定位句往往不止一句，許多時候需要結合好幾句話理解。

同時，國内考生最容易在選擇題上犯的一個錯誤就是主觀臆測或過度推測，經常根據自己的常識或感覺選出答案，在文中根本沒有找到相應的定位點。因此我們一定要遵循“有其意則選之，無其意必棄之”的答題原則。

在劍橋後期的幾本真題中，選擇題的陷阱越來越少，也就是說在正確答案句周邊出現的詞彙沒有很多，而是總結歸納題的數量在逐漸增加，這也是和判斷題的趨勢保持一致。這就需要在學生平時的閱讀備考中，增强自己的長句閱讀能力，無論是抓句子主幹，還是掌握主要詞彙，兩者必須齊頭並進。

二、 錯誤選項

錯誤選項是指和原文意思完全矛盾的選項，相當於判斷題中的FALSE/NO，考生往往對於錯誤選項很容易辨出。

如劍7 Test 4 Passage 3 第29題

題目：Researchers discovered that high noiselevel are not likely to interfere with the

A. successfulperformance of a single task.

B. tasks ofpilots or air traffic controllers.

C. ability torepeat numbers while tracking moving lines.

D. ability tomonitor three dials at once.

原文：But there are limits to adaptation andloud noise becomes more troublesome if the person is required to concentrate onmore than one task. For example, high noise levels interfered with theperformance of subjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time, atask not unlike that of an airplane pilot or an air-traffic controller.Similarly, noise did not affect a subject’s ability to track a moving line witha steering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject’s ability to repeatnumbers while tracking.

題幹問的是噪音不太可能會影響的事情，我們通過定位發現原文中寫道，“For example, high noise levels interfered with the performance ofsubjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time，a task notunlike that of an airplane pilot or an air-traffic controller”, 即噪音會影響同時操作三個方向盤的人和類似飛行員和空中管制員那樣的任務，對應B和D選項的内容，由此可把B和D選項排除。繼續往下讀，“Similarly, noise did not affect a subject’s ability to track a moving line with asteering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject’s ability to repeat numbers whiletracking.” 可以看出噪音會影響人邊駕駛邊重複數字的能力，對應C選項排除。其他所有選項都已排除，最終只剩下A選項。

三、 未提及選項

選擇題中的未提及選項就如同判斷題的NOT GIVEN,既有完全未提及選項，也有部分提及選項。

如劍6 Test 4 Passage 3 第31題

31 A recent survey found that in British secondary schools

A there was more bullying than had previously been the case.

B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

C cases of persistent bullying were very common.

D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

原文：Bullying can take a variety of forms, from the verbal-being taunted or called hurtful names-to the physical-being kicked or shoved-as well as indirect forms, such as being excluded from social groups. A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, which in about one in ten cases was persistent. There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying, but these cases may be particularly recalcitrant.

分析：這道題除了正確選項，其他的選項都是陷阱。通過題幹定位詞，我們可以讀到第二句“A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, which in about one in ten cases was persistent.”在此句中，出現了選項C的persistent bullying,但本句中說的是British primary schools, 而非題幹中的British secondary schools。繼續向下讀的時候，我們發現了題幹中的British secondary schools，同時該句中也出現了選項C的persistent bullying,但均未出現選項C中所對應的common的意思，因此該選項為部分提及選項。而選項A中的比較關係在原文中根本沒有提及，所以選項A即為完全未提及選項。

最後，再次强調選擇題“有其意則選之，無其意必棄之”的絕對法則，不要總說“我覺得”、“我以為”，而是必須在原文中找到你所選答案的對應點，才能真正提高選擇題的正確率。